本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

# 使用 Amazon EC2 進行測試設定
<a name="test-console-private-access-EC2"></a>

[Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ec2/?icmpid=docs_homepage_compute) (Amazon EC2) 在 Amazon Web Services Cloud 中提供了可擴展的運算容量。您可使用 Amazon EC2 按需要啟動任意數量的虛擬伺服器，設定安全性和聯網功能以及管理儲存。在此設定中，我們使用 [Fleet Manager](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/systems-manager/latest/userguide/fleet.html) ( AWS Systems Manager的一項功能) 透過遠端桌面協定 (RDP) 連接到 Amazon EC2 Windows 執行個體。

本指南示範測試環境，以設定和體驗從 Amazon EC2 執行個體到 Amazon Simple Storage Service 的 AWS 管理主控台 私有存取連線。本教學課程使用 CloudFormation 來建立和設定 Amazon EC2 用來視覺化此功能的網路設定。



下圖說明使用 Amazon EC2 存取 AWS 管理主控台 私有存取設定的工作流程。它顯示使用者如何使用私有端點連接到 Amazon S3。

![使用 Amazon EC2 嘗試 AWS 管理主控台 私有存取的設定組態。](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_tw/awsconsolehelpdocs/latest/gsg/images/vpce-ec2-how-to-1.png)


複製下列 CloudFormation 範本，並將其儲存到您在*設定網路*程序的步驟三中使用的檔案。

**注意**  
此 CloudFormation 範本使用以色列 （特拉維夫） 區域目前不支援的組態。

## AWS 管理主控台 私有存取環境 Amazon EC2 CloudFormation template
<a name="private-access-environment-ec2-cloudformation-template"></a>

```
Description: |
  AWS Management Console Private Access.
Parameters:
  VpcCIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.0.0/16
    Description: CIDR range for VPC

  Ec2KeyPair:
    Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName
    Description: The EC2 KeyPair to use to connect to the Windows instance

  PublicSubnet1CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.1.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Public Subnet A

  PublicSubnet2CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.0.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Public Subnet B

  PublicSubnet3CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.2.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Public Subnet C

  PrivateSubnet1CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.4.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Private Subnet A

  PrivateSubnet2CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.5.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Private Subnet B 

  PrivateSubnet3CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.3.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Private Subnet C 

  LatestWindowsAmiId:
    Type: 'AWS::SSM::Parameter::Value<AWS::EC2::Image::Id>'
    Default: '/aws/service/ami-windows-latest/Windows_Server-2022-English-Full-Base'

  InstanceTypeParameter:
    Type: String
    Default: 't3.medium'


Resources:

#########################
# VPC AND SUBNETS
#########################

  AppVPC:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPC'
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: !Ref VpcCIDR
      InstanceTenancy: default
      EnableDnsSupport: true
      EnableDnsHostnames: true

  PublicSubnetA:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet1CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 0
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""
      
  PublicSubnetB:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet2CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 1
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PublicSubnetC:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet3CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 2
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PrivateSubnetA:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PrivateSubnet1CIDR
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 0
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PrivateSubnetB:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PrivateSubnet2CIDR
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 1
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PrivateSubnetC:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PrivateSubnet3CIDR
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 2
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  InternetGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway

  InternetGatewayAttachment:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

  NatGatewayEIP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::EIP
    DependsOn: InternetGatewayAttachment

  NatGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::NatGateway
    Properties:
      AllocationId: !GetAtt NatGatewayEIP.AllocationId
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetA

#########################
# Route Tables
#########################

  PrivateRouteTable:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::RouteTable'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

  DefaultPrivateRoute:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Route
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      NatGatewayId: !Ref NatGateway

  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation1:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation'
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetA

  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation'
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetB

  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation3:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation'
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetC

  PublicRouteTable:
    Type: AWS::EC2::RouteTable
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

  DefaultPublicRoute:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Route
    DependsOn: InternetGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      GatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway

  PublicSubnetARouteTableAssociation1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetA

  PublicSubnetBRouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetB

  PublicSubnetBRouteTableAssociation3:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetC


#########################
# SECURITY GROUPS
#########################

  VPCEndpointSecurityGroup:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup'
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Allow TLS for VPC Endpoint
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      SecurityGroupIngress:
        - IpProtocol: tcp
          FromPort: 443
          ToPort: 443
          CidrIp: !GetAtt AppVPC.CidrBlock

  EC2SecurityGroup:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup'
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Default EC2 Instance SG
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      
#########################
# VPC ENDPOINTS
#########################

  VPCEndpointGatewayS3:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.s3'
      VpcEndpointType: Gateway
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      RouteTableIds:
        - !Ref PrivateRouteTable
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceSSM:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ssm'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceEc2messages:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ec2messages'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceSsmmessages:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ssmmessages'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.signin'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.console'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

#########################
# ROUTE53 RESOURCES
#########################

  ConsoleHostedZone: 
    Type: "AWS::Route53::HostedZone"
    Properties: 
      HostedZoneConfig: 
        Comment: 'Console VPC Endpoint Hosted Zone'
      Name: 'console.aws.amazon.com'
      VPCs: 
        - 
          VPCId: !Ref AppVPC
          VPCRegion: !Ref "AWS::Region"
          
  ConsoleRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: 'console.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

  GlobalConsoleRecord:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: 'global.console.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  ConsoleS3ProxyRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: 's3.console.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  ConsoleSupportProxyRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: "support.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  ExplorerProxyRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: "resource-explorer.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
  
  WidgetProxyRecord:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: "*.widget.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ["1", !Split [":", !Select ["0", !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries],],]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ["0", !Split [":", !Select ["0", !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries],],]
      Type: A

  ConsoleRecordRegional:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: !Sub "${AWS::Region}.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

  ConsoleRecordRegionalMultiSession:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: !Sub "*.${AWS::Region}.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

  SigninHostedZone: 
    Type: "AWS::Route53::HostedZone"
    Properties: 
      HostedZoneConfig: 
        Comment: 'Signin VPC Endpoint Hosted Zone'
      Name: 'signin.aws.amazon.com'
      VPCs: 
        - 
          VPCId: !Ref AppVPC
          VPCRegion: !Ref "AWS::Region"
          
  SigninRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'SigninHostedZone'
      Name: 'signin.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  SigninRecordRegional:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'SigninHostedZone'
      Name: !Sub "${AWS::Region}.signin.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

#########################
# EC2 INSTANCE
#########################

  Ec2InstanceRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: 2012-10-17
        Statement:
          -
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service:
                - ec2.amazonaws.com
            Action:
              - sts:AssumeRole
      Path: /
      ManagedPolicyArns: 
        - arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore

  Ec2InstanceProfile:
    Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile
    Properties: 
      Path: /
      Roles: 
       - !Ref Ec2InstanceRole

  EC2WinInstance:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Instance'
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref LatestWindowsAmiId
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref Ec2InstanceProfile
      KeyName: !Ref Ec2KeyPair
      InstanceType:
        Ref: InstanceTypeParameter
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetA
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - Ref: EC2SecurityGroup
      BlockDeviceMappings:
        - DeviceName: /dev/sda1
          Ebs:
            VolumeSize: 50
      Tags: 
      - Key: "Name"
        Value: "Console VPCE test instance"
```

**若要設定網路**

1. 登入您組織的管理帳戶，並開啟 [CloudFormation 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudformation)。

1. 選擇**建立堆疊**。

1. 選擇 **With new resources (standard)** (使用新資源 (標準))。上傳您先前建立的 CloudFormation 範本檔案，然後選擇**下一步**。

1. 輸入堆疊名稱，例如 **PrivateConsoleNetworkForS3**，然後選擇 **下一步**。

1. 對於 **VPC 和子網路**，請輸入您偏好的 IP CIDR 範圍，或使用提供的預設值。如果您使用預設值，請確認它們未與 中的現有 VPC 資源重疊 AWS 帳戶。

1. 對於 **EC2KeyPair** 參數，請從帳戶中現有的 Amazon EC2 金鑰對中選取一個金鑰。如果沒有現有的 Amazon EC2 金鑰對，您必須先建立一個，然後再進行下一個步驟。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的使用 Amazon EC2 建立金鑰對](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/create-key-pairs.html#having-ec2-create-your-key-pair)。 *Amazon EC2 *

1. 選擇**建立堆疊**。

1. 建立堆疊後，選擇 **資源** 索引標籤以檢視已建立的資源。

**如要連線到 Amazon EC2 執行個體**

1. 登入您組織的管理帳戶，並開啟 [Amazon EC2 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2)。

1. 在導覽窗格中，選擇**執行個體**。

1. 在**執行個體**頁面上，選取 CloudFormation 範本建立的**主控台 VPCE 測試執行個體**。然後選擇 **連線**。
**注意**  
此範例使用 Fleet Manager 來連線至您的 Windows Server AWS Systems Manager Explorer。可能需要幾分鐘才會開始連接。

1. 在 **連線至執行個體** 頁面上，選擇 **RDP 用戶端**，然後選擇 **使用 Fleet Manager 連線**。

1. 選擇 **Fleet Manager 遠端桌面**。

1. 若要取得 Amazon EC2 執行個體的管理密碼並使用 Web 界面存取 Windows 桌面，請使用與您在建立 CloudFormation 範本 時使用的 Amazon EC2 金鑰對相關聯的私有金鑰。

1. 從 Amazon EC2 Windows 執行個體，在瀏覽器 AWS 管理主控台 中開啟 。

1. 使用 AWS 登入資料登入後，請開啟 [Amazon S3 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3)，並驗證您使用 Private Access 連線 AWS 管理主控台 。

**測試 AWS 管理主控台 私有存取設定**

1. 登入您組織的管理帳戶，並開啟 [Amazon S3 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3)。

1. 選擇導覽列中的鎖定私有圖示，以檢視使用中的 VPC 端點。下列螢幕擷取畫面顯示鎖定私有圖示的位置和 VPC 資訊。  
![顯示鎖定圖示和 AWS 管理主控台 私有存取資訊的 Amazon S3 主控台。](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_tw/awsconsolehelpdocs/latest/gsg/images/console-private-access-verify-1.png)