本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。
# CloudWatch Metrics Insights 中的查詢元件和語法
CloudWatch Metrics Insights 語法如下。
```
SELECT FUNCTION(metricName)
FROM namespace | SCHEMA(...)
[ WHERE labelKey OPERATOR labelValue [AND ... ] ]
[ GROUP BY labelKey [ , ... ] ]
[ ORDER BY FUNCTION() [ DESC | ASC ] ]
[ LIMIT number ]
```
Metrics Insights 查詢中可能的子句如下。所有關鍵字皆不區分大小寫，但識別符 (例如指標名稱、命名空間和維度) 會區分大小寫。
**SELECT**
必要. 指定用於彙總每個時段 (由提供的時段決定) 中之觀測值的函式。並指定要查詢的指標名稱。
**FUNCTION** (函數) 的有效值是 `AVG`、`COUNT`、`MAX`、`MIN` 和 `SUM`。
+ `AVG` 會計算查詢相符之觀察值的平均值。
+ `COUNT` 會傳回查詢相符之觀察值的計數。
+ `MAX` 會傳回查詢相符之觀察值的最大值。
+ `MIN` 會傳回查詢相符之觀察值的最小值。
+ `SUM` 會計算查詢相符之觀察值的加總。
**FROM**
必要. 指定指標的來源。您可以指定包含要查詢之指標的指標命名空間，或 **SCHEMA** (結構描述) 資料表函數。指標命名空間的範例包括 `"AWS/EC2"`、`"AWS/Lambda"`，以及您為自訂指標建立的指標命名空間。
其中包含 **/** 或任何其他非字母、數字或底線字元的指標命名空間，必須以雙引號括住。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[什麼需要引號或跳脫字元？](#cloudwatch-metrics-insights-syntaxdetails)。
**結構描述**
可選資料表函數，可以在 **FROM** (從) 子句中使用。使用 **SCHEMA** (結構描述)，將查詢結果範圍縮小為僅完全符合維度清單的指標，或是沒有維度的指標。
如果您使用 **SCHEMA** (結構描述) 子句，其中必須至少包含一個引數，而且該第一個引數必須是要查詢的指標命名空間。如果您指定僅具有此命名空間引數的 **SCHEMA** (結構描述)，則結果的範圍縮小為僅限於沒有任何維度的指標。
如果您指定具有其他引數的 **SCHEMA** (結構描述)，則命名空間引數之後的其他引數必須是*標籤*索引鍵。標籤索引鍵必須是維度名稱。如果您指定一或多個這些標籤索引鍵，則結果的範圍僅限於具有完全相同維度集的指標。這些標籤索引鍵的排序並不重要。
例如：
+ **SELECT AVG(CPUUtilization) FROM "AWS/EC2"** 符合 `AWS/EC2` 命名空間中的全部 `CPUUtilization` 指標，而無論其維度，並傳回單一彙總時間序列。
+ **SELECT AVG(CPUUtilization) FROM SCHEMA("AWS/EC2")** 僅符合沒有任何已定義維度之 `AWS/EC2` 命名空間中的 `CPUUtilization` 指標。
+ **SELECT AVG(CPUUtilization) FROM SCHEMA("AWS/EC2", InstanceId)** 僅符合回報給 CloudWatch 之具有一個維度 `InstanceId` 的 `CPUUtilization` 指標。
+ **SELECT SUM(RequestCount) FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone)** 僅符合從 `AWS/ApplicationELB` 回報給 CloudWatch 之具有兩個維度 `LoadBalancer` 和 `AvailabilityZone` 的 `RequestCount` 指標。
**WHERE**
選用。使用一或多個標籤索引鍵的特定標籤值，將結果篩選為僅符合指定表達式的指標。例如，**WHERE InstanceType = 'c3.4xlarge'** 將結果篩選為僅 `c3.4xlarge` 執行個體類型，並且 **WHERE InstanceType \$1= 'c3.4xlarge'** 將結果篩選為所有執行個體類型 (除外 `c3.4xlarge`)。
當您在監控帳戶中執行查詢時，可以使用 `WHERE AWS.AccountId` 將結果僅限制給您指定的帳戶。例如，`WHERE AWS.AccountId=444455556666` 僅查詢來自帳戶 `444455556666` 的指標。若要將查詢僅限制給監控帳戶本身中的指標，請使用 `WHERE AWS.AccountId=CURRENT_ACCOUNT_ID()`。
標籤值一律必須以單引號括住。
**在 WHERE 子句中使用標籤**
您可以使用語法 依 AWS 資源標籤篩選結果`tag.keyName`。標籤篩選條件遵循與維度篩選條件相同的運算子規則。例如：
+ WHERE `tag.env = 'prod'` filters to metrics from resources tagged with *env=prod*
+ WHERE `tag.department != 'test'` excludes metrics from resources tagged with *department=test*
標籤篩選條件可與維度篩選條件結合：
`WHERE tag.env = 'prod' AND InstanceType = 'm5.large'`
**支援的運算子**
**WHERE** (哪裡) 子句支援下列運算子：
+ **=** 標籤值必須與指定字串相符。
+ **\$1=** 標籤值必須與指定字串不相符。
+ **AND** 指定的兩個條件都必須為 true 才能相符。您可以使用多個 **AND** 關鍵字來指定兩個或多個條件。
**GROUP BY**
選用。將查詢結果分組為多個時間序列，每個時間序列對應於指定的標籤索引鍵或索引鍵的不同值。例如，使用 `GROUP BY InstanceId` 為每個 `InstanceId` 值傳回不同的時間序列。使用 `GROUP BY ServiceName, Operation` 為每個可能的 `ServiceName` 和 `Operation` 值組合建立不同的時間序列。
使用 **GROUP BY** (分組依據) 子句，預設情況下，結果會根據 **GROUP BY** (分組依據) 子句中指定的標籤序列按字母升冪排序。若要變更結果排序，請新增 **ORDER BY** (排序依據) 子句至您的查詢。
當您在監控帳戶中執行查詢時，可以使用 `GROUP BY AWS.AccountId` 根據結果來自的帳戶對結果進行分組。
**在 GROUP BY 子句中使用標籤**
您可以使用語法 依 AWS 資源標籤值將結果分組`tag.keyName`。例如：
+ *GROUP BY tag.environment* 為每個環境標籤值建立獨立的時間序列
+ *GROUP BY tag.team, InstanceType* 依標籤和維度值分組
+ *GROUP BY tag.team, AWS.AccountId* 依標籤和連結的來源 AccountID 分組
如果某些相符指標並未包含 **GROUP BY** (分組依據) 子句中指定的特定標籤索引鍵，則會傳回名為 `Other` 的空值群組。例如，如果您指定 `GROUP BY ServiceName, Operation`，且某些傳回的指標不包含 `ServiceName` 作為維度，則這些指標會顯示為像 `ServiceName` 值一樣擁有 `Other`。
**ORDER BY**
選用。如果查詢傳回一個以上的時間序列，則請指定要用於傳回之時間序列的排序。順序是基於您在 **ORDER BY** (排序依據) 子句中指定的 **FUNCTION** (函數) 所找到的值而定。**FUNCTION** (函數) 用於從每個傳回的時間序列計算單個純量值，並且該值用於確定排序。
您也可以指定是否使用升冪 **ASC** 或降冪 **DESC** 排序。如果您省略此參數，則預設為升冪 **ASC**。
例如，新增 `ORDER BY MAX() DESC` 子句會依照時間範圍內觀察到的最大資料點來降冪排序結果：表示會先傳回具有最高最大資料點的時間序列。
在 **ORDER BY** (排序依據) 子句中使用的有效函數是 `AVG()`、`COUNT()`、`MAX()`、`MIN()` 和 `SUM()`。
如果您將 **ORDER BY** (排序依據) 子句與 **LIMIT** (限制) 子句搭配使用，則產生的查詢是「前 N」查詢。**ORDER BY** (排序依據) 對可能會傳回大量指標的查詢也很有用，因為每個查詢可傳回不超過 500 個時間序列。如果查詢符合 500 個以上的時間序列，並且您使用 **ORDER BY** (排序依據) 子句，則會排序時間序列，然後排序順序中前 500 個時間序列就是傳回的時間序列。
**LIMIT**
選用。將查詢傳回的時間序列數量限制為您指定的值。您可以指定的最大值是 500，未指定 **LIMIT** (限制) 的查詢也可以傳回不超過 500 個時間序列。
將 **LIMIT** (限制) 子句與 **ORDER BY** (排序依據) 子句搭配使用會為您提供「前 N」查詢。
## 什麼需要引號或跳脫字元？
在查詢中，標籤值一律必須以單引號括住。例如，**SELECT MAX(CPUUtilization) FROM "AWS/EC2" WHERE AutoScalingGroupName = 'my-production-fleet'**。
包含字母、數字和底線 (\$1) 以外字元的指標命名空間、指標名稱和標籤索引鍵必須以雙引號括住。例如，**SELECT MAX("My.Metric")**。
如果其中一個本身即包含雙引號或單引號 (例如 `Bytes"Input"`)，則必須使用反斜線跳脫每個引號，如 **SELECT AVG("Bytes\$1"Input\$1"")**。
如果指標命名空間、指標名稱或標籤索引鍵包含在 Metrics Insights 中保留關鍵字的文字，則這些文字也必須以雙引號括住。例如，如果您的指標名為 `LIMIT`，則您可以使用 `SELECT AVG("LIMIT")`。也可以用雙引號括住任何命名空間、指標名稱或標籤，即使其不包含保留的關鍵字也一樣。
如需保留關鍵字的完整清單，請參閱 [保留的關鍵字](cloudwatch-metrics-insights-reserved-keywords.md)。
## 逐步建置豐富的查詢
本節將逐步說明建置使用所有可能子句的完整範例。
可以從以下查詢開始，其彙總了以 `LoadBalancer` 和 `AvailabilityZone` 維度收集的所有 Application Load Balancer `RequestCount` 指標。
```
SELECT SUM(RequestCount)
FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone)
```
若要檢視來自特定負載平衡器的指標，可以新增 **WHERE** 子句，將傳回的指標限制為僅 `LoadBalancer` 維度值為 `app/load-balancer-1` 的指標。
```
SELECT SUM(RequestCount)
FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone)
WHERE LoadBalancer = 'app/load-balancer-1'
```
之前的查詢會將來自此負載平衡器的所有可用區域的 `RequestCount` 指標彙總至一個時間序列。如果想查看每個可用區域的不同時間序列，可以新增 **GROUP BY** 子句。
```
SELECT SUM(RequestCount)
FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone)
WHERE LoadBalancer = 'app/load-balancer-1'
GROUP BY AvailabilityZone
```
接下來，您可以對結果排序，以便先看到最高值。以下 **ORDER BY** (排序依據) 子句按查詢時間範圍內每個時間序列回報的最大值，以降冪排序時間序列：
```
SELECT SUM(RequestCount)
FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone)
WHERE LoadBalancer = 'app/load-balancer-1'
GROUP BY AvailabilityZone
ORDER BY MAX() DESC
```
也可以使用標籤來進一步篩選結果。例如，如果您只想查看帶特定環境標籤的負載平衡器的結果，可以將標籤篩選新增至 WHERE 子句：
```
SELECT SUM(RequestCount) FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone) WHERE LoadBalancer = 'app/load-balancer-1' AND tag.Environment = 'prod' GROUP BY AvailabilityZone ORDER BY MAX() DESC
```
也可以依標籤值對結果分組，而非 (或除了) 維度。例如，依應用程式標籤分組：
```
SELECT SUM(RequestCount) FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone) WHERE tag.Environment = 'prod' GROUP BY tag.Application ORDER BY MAX() DESC
```
最後，如果主要對「前 N」類型的查詢感興趣，我們可以使用 **LIMIT** (限制) 子句。這最後一個範例將結果限制為僅具有五個最高 `MAX` 值的時間序列。
```
SELECT SUM(RequestCount)
FROM SCHEMA("AWS/ApplicationELB", LoadBalancer, AvailabilityZone)
WHERE LoadBalancer = 'app/load-balancer-1'
GROUP BY AvailabilityZone
ORDER BY MAX() DESC
LIMIT 5
```
## 跨帳戶查詢範例
當在 CloudWatch 跨帳戶可觀測性中設定為監控帳戶的帳戶中執行時，這些範例有效。
下列範例會搜尋來源帳戶 123456789012 中的所有 Amazon EC2 執行個體，並傳回平均值。
```
SELECT AVG(CpuUtilization)
FROM "AWS/EC2"
WHERE AWS.AccountId ='123456789012'
```
下列範例會在所有連結的來源帳戶的 `AWS/EC2` 中查詢 `CPUUtilization` 指標，並依帳戶 ID 和執行個體類型將結果分組。
```
SELECT AVG(CpuUtilization)
FROM "AWS/EC2"
GROUP BY AWS.AccountId, InstanceType
```
下列範例會在監控帳戶本身中查詢 `CPUUtilization`。
```
SELECT AVG(CpuUtilization)
FROM "AWS/EC2"
WHERE AWS.AccountId = CURRENT_ACCOUNT_ID()
```
# 保留的關鍵字
以下是 CloudWatch Metrics Insights 中的保留關鍵字。如果查詢中的命名空間、指標名稱或標籤索引鍵中包含任何這些關鍵字，則您必須以雙引號將其括住。保留的關鍵字不區分大小寫。
```
"ABORT" "ABORTSESSION" "ABS" "ABSOLUTE" "ACCESS" "ACCESSIBLE" "ACCESS_LOCK" "ACCOUNT" "ACOS" "ACOSH" "ACTION" "ADD" "ADD_MONTHS"
"ADMIN" "AFTER" "AGGREGATE" "ALIAS" "ALL" "ALLOCATE" "ALLOW" "ALTER" "ALTERAND" "AMP" "ANALYSE" "ANALYZE" "AND" "ANSIDATE" "ANY" "ARE" "ARRAY",
"ARRAY_AGG" "ARRAY_EXISTS" "ARRAY_MAX_CARDINALITY" "AS" "ASC" "ASENSITIVE" "ASIN" "ASINH" "ASSERTION" "ASSOCIATE" "ASUTIME" "ASYMMETRIC" "AT",
"ATAN" "ATAN2" "ATANH" "ATOMIC" "AUDIT" "AUTHORIZATION" "AUX" "AUXILIARY" "AVE" "AVERAGE" "AVG" "BACKUP" "BEFORE" "BEGIN" "BEGIN_FRAME" "BEGIN_PARTITION",
"BETWEEN" "BIGINT" "BINARY" "BIT" "BLOB" "BOOLEAN" "BOTH" "BREADTH" "BREAK" "BROWSE" "BT" "BUFFERPOOL" "BULK" "BUT" "BY" "BYTE" "BYTEINT" "BYTES" "CALL",
"CALLED" "CAPTURE" "CARDINALITY" "CASCADE" "CASCADED" "CASE" "CASESPECIFIC" "CASE_N" "CAST" "CATALOG" "CCSID" "CD" "CEIL" "CEILING" "CHANGE" "CHAR",
"CHAR2HEXINT" "CHARACTER" "CHARACTERS" "CHARACTER_LENGTH" "CHARS" "CHAR_LENGTH" "CHECK" "CHECKPOINT" "CLASS" "CLASSIFIER" "CLOB" "CLONE" "CLOSE" "CLUSTER",
"CLUSTERED" "CM" "COALESCE" "COLLATE" "COLLATION" "COLLECT" "COLLECTION" "COLLID" "COLUMN" "COLUMN_VALUE" "COMMENT" "COMMIT" "COMPLETION" "COMPRESS" "COMPUTE",
"CONCAT" "CONCURRENTLY" "CONDITION" "CONNECT" "CONNECTION" "CONSTRAINT" "CONSTRAINTS" "CONSTRUCTOR" "CONTAINS" "CONTAINSTABLE" "CONTENT" "CONTINUE" "CONVERT",
"CONVERT_TABLE_HEADER" "COPY" "CORR" "CORRESPONDING" "COS" "COSH" "COUNT" "COVAR_POP" "COVAR_SAMP" "CREATE" "CROSS" "CS" "CSUM" "CT" "CUBE" "CUME_DIST",
"CURRENT" "CURRENT_CATALOG" "CURRENT_DATE" "CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP" "CURRENT_LC_CTYPE" "CURRENT_PATH" "CURRENT_ROLE" "CURRENT_ROW" "CURRENT_SCHEMA",
"CURRENT_SERVER" "CURRENT_TIME" "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP" "CURRENT_TIMEZONE" "CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE" "CURRENT_USER" "CURRVAL" "CURSOR" "CV" "CYCLE" "DATA",
"DATABASE" "DATABASES" "DATABLOCKSIZE" "DATE" "DATEFORM" "DAY" "DAYS" "DAY_HOUR" "DAY_MICROSECOND" "DAY_MINUTE" "DAY_SECOND" "DBCC" "DBINFO" "DEALLOCATE" "DEC",
"DECFLOAT" "DECIMAL" "DECLARE" "DEFAULT" "DEFERRABLE" "DEFERRED" "DEFINE" "DEGREES" "DEL" "DELAYED" "DELETE" "DENSE_RANK" "DENY" "DEPTH" "DEREF" "DESC" "DESCRIBE",
"DESCRIPTOR" "DESTROY" "DESTRUCTOR" "DETERMINISTIC" "DIAGNOSTIC" "DIAGNOSTICS" "DICTIONARY" "DISABLE" "DISABLED" "DISALLOW" "DISCONNECT" "DISK" "DISTINCT",
"DISTINCTROW" "DISTRIBUTED" "DIV" "DO" "DOCUMENT" "DOMAIN" "DOUBLE" "DROP" "DSSIZE" "DUAL" "DUMP" "DYNAMIC" "EACH" "ECHO" "EDITPROC" "ELEMENT" "ELSE" "ELSEIF",
"EMPTY" "ENABLED" "ENCLOSED" "ENCODING" "ENCRYPTION" "END" "END-EXEC" "ENDING" "END_FRAME" "END_PARTITION" "EQ" "EQUALS" "ERASE" "ERRLVL" "ERROR" "ERRORFILES",
"ERRORTABLES" "ESCAPE" "ESCAPED" "ET" "EVERY" "EXCEPT" "EXCEPTION" "EXCLUSIVE" "EXEC" "EXECUTE" "EXISTS" "EXIT" "EXP" "EXPLAIN" "EXTERNAL" "EXTRACT" "FALLBACK
"FALSE" "FASTEXPORT" "FENCED" "FETCH" "FIELDPROC" "FILE" "FILLFACTOR" "FILTER" "FINAL" "FIRST" "FIRST_VALUE" "FLOAT" "FLOAT4" "FLOAT8" "FLOOR"
"FOR" "FORCE" "FOREIGN" "FORMAT" "FOUND" "FRAME_ROW" "FREE" "FREESPACE" "FREETEXT" "FREETEXTTABLE" "FREEZE" "FROM" "FULL" "FULLTEXT" "FUNCTION"
"FUSION" "GE" "GENERAL" "GENERATED" "GET" "GIVE" "GLOBAL" "GO" "GOTO" "GRANT" "GRAPHIC" "GROUP" "GROUPING" "GROUPS" "GT" "HANDLER" "HASH"
"HASHAMP" "HASHBAKAMP" "HASHBUCKET" "HASHROW" "HAVING" "HELP" "HIGH_PRIORITY" "HOLD" "HOLDLOCK" "HOUR" "HOURS" "HOUR_MICROSECOND" "HOUR_MINUTE"
"HOUR_SECOND" "IDENTIFIED" "IDENTITY" "IDENTITYCOL" "IDENTITY_INSERT" "IF" "IGNORE" "ILIKE" "IMMEDIATE" "IN" "INCLUSIVE" "INCONSISTENT" "INCREMENT"
"INDEX" "INDICATOR" "INFILE" "INHERIT" "INITIAL" "INITIALIZE" "INITIALLY" "INITIATE" "INNER" "INOUT" "INPUT" "INS" "INSENSITIVE" "INSERT" "INSTEAD"
"INT" "INT1" "INT2" "INT3" "INT4" "INT8" "INTEGER" "INTEGERDATE" "INTERSECT" "INTERSECTION" "INTERVAL" "INTO" "IO_AFTER_GTIDS" "IO_BEFORE_GTIDS"
"IS" "ISNULL" "ISOBID" "ISOLATION" "ITERATE" "JAR" "JOIN" "JOURNAL" "JSON_ARRAY" "JSON_ARRAYAGG" "JSON_EXISTS" "JSON_OBJECT" "JSON_OBJECTAGG"
"JSON_QUERY" "JSON_TABLE" "JSON_TABLE_PRIMITIVE" "JSON_VALUE" "KEEP" "KEY" "KEYS" "KILL" "KURTOSIS" "LABEL" "LAG" "LANGUAGE" "LARGE" "LAST"
"LAST_VALUE" "LATERAL" "LC_CTYPE" "LE" "LEAD" "LEADING" "LEAVE" "LEFT" "LESS" "LEVEL" "LIKE" "LIKE_REGEX" "LIMIT" "LINEAR" "LINENO" "LINES"
"LISTAGG" "LN" "LOAD" "LOADING" "LOCAL" "LOCALE" "LOCALTIME" "LOCALTIMESTAMP" "LOCATOR" "LOCATORS" "LOCK" "LOCKING" "LOCKMAX" "LOCKSIZE" "LOG"
"LOG10" "LOGGING" "LOGON" "LONG" "LONGBLOB" "LONGTEXT" "LOOP" "LOWER" "LOW_PRIORITY" "LT" "MACRO" "MAINTAINED" "MAP" "MASTER_BIND"
"MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT" "MATCH" "MATCHES" "MATCH_NUMBER" "MATCH_RECOGNIZE" "MATERIALIZED" "MAVG" "MAX" "MAXEXTENTS" "MAXIMUM" "MAXVALUE"
"MCHARACTERS" "MDIFF" "MEDIUMBLOB" "MEDIUMINT" "MEDIUMTEXT" "MEMBER" "MERGE" "METHOD" "MICROSECOND" "MICROSECONDS" "MIDDLEINT" "MIN" "MINDEX"
"MINIMUM" "MINUS" "MINUTE" "MINUTES" "MINUTE_MICROSECOND" "MINUTE_SECOND" "MLINREG" "MLOAD" "MLSLABEL" "MOD" "MODE" "MODIFIES" "MODIFY"
"MODULE" "MONITOR" "MONRESOURCE" "MONSESSION" "MONTH" "MONTHS" "MSUBSTR" "MSUM" "MULTISET" "NAMED" "NAMES" "NATIONAL" "NATURAL" "NCHAR" "NCLOB"
"NE" "NESTED_TABLE_ID" "NEW" "NEW_TABLE" "NEXT" "NEXTVAL" "NO" "NOAUDIT" "NOCHECK" "NOCOMPRESS" "NONCLUSTERED" "NONE" "NORMALIZE" "NOT" "NOTNULL"
"NOWAIT" "NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG" "NTH_VALUE" "NTILE" "NULL" "NULLIF" "NULLIFZERO" "NULLS" "NUMBER" "NUMERIC" "NUMPARTS" "OBID" "OBJECT" "OBJECTS"
"OCCURRENCES_REGEX" "OCTET_LENGTH" "OF" "OFF" "OFFLINE" "OFFSET" "OFFSETS" "OLD" "OLD_TABLE" "OMIT" "ON" "ONE" "ONLINE" "ONLY" "OPEN" "OPENDATASOURCE"
"OPENQUERY" "OPENROWSET" "OPENXML" "OPERATION" "OPTIMIZATION" "OPTIMIZE" "OPTIMIZER_COSTS" "OPTION" "OPTIONALLY" "OR" "ORDER" "ORDINALITY" "ORGANIZATION"
"OUT" "OUTER" "OUTFILE" "OUTPUT" "OVER" "OVERLAPS" "OVERLAY" "OVERRIDE" "PACKAGE" "PAD" "PADDED" "PARAMETER" "PARAMETERS" "PART" "PARTIAL" "PARTITION"
"PARTITIONED" "PARTITIONING" "PASSWORD" "PATH" "PATTERN" "PCTFREE" "PER" "PERCENT" "PERCENTILE" "PERCENTILE_CONT" "PERCENTILE_DISC" "PERCENT_RANK" "PERIOD" "PERM"
"PERMANENT" "PIECESIZE" "PIVOT" "PLACING" "PLAN" "PORTION" "POSITION" "POSITION_REGEX" "POSTFIX" "POWER" "PRECEDES" "PRECISION" "PREFIX" "PREORDER"
"PREPARE" "PRESERVE" "PREVVAL" "PRIMARY" "PRINT" "PRIOR" "PRIQTY" "PRIVATE" "PRIVILEGES" "PROC" "PROCEDURE" "PROFILE" "PROGRAM" "PROPORTIONAL"
"PROTECTION" "PSID" "PTF" "PUBLIC" "PURGE" "QUALIFIED" "QUALIFY" "QUANTILE" "QUERY" "QUERYNO" "RADIANS" "RAISERROR" "RANDOM" "RANGE" "RANGE_N" "RANK"
"RAW" "READ" "READS" "READTEXT" "READ_WRITE" "REAL" "RECONFIGURE" "RECURSIVE" "REF" "REFERENCES" "REFERENCING" "REFRESH" "REGEXP" "REGR_AVGX" "REGR_AVGY"
"REGR_COUNT" "REGR_INTERCEPT" "REGR_R2" "REGR_SLOPE" "REGR_SXX" "REGR_SXY" "REGR_SYY" "RELATIVE" "RELEASE" "RENAME" "REPEAT" "REPLACE" "REPLICATION"
"REPOVERRIDE" "REQUEST" "REQUIRE" "RESIGNAL" "RESOURCE" "RESTART" "RESTORE" "RESTRICT" "RESULT" "RESULT_SET_LOCATOR" "RESUME" "RET" "RETRIEVE" "RETURN"
"RETURNING" "RETURNS" "REVALIDATE" "REVERT" "REVOKE" "RIGHT" "RIGHTS" "RLIKE" "ROLE" "ROLLBACK" "ROLLFORWARD" "ROLLUP" "ROUND_CEILING" "ROUND_DOWN"
"ROUND_FLOOR" "ROUND_HALF_DOWN" "ROUND_HALF_EVEN" "ROUND_HALF_UP" "ROUND_UP" "ROUTINE" "ROW" "ROWCOUNT" "ROWGUIDCOL" "ROWID" "ROWNUM" "ROWS" "ROWSET"
"ROW_NUMBER" "RULE" "RUN" "RUNNING" "SAMPLE" "SAMPLEID" "SAVE" "SAVEPOINT" "SCHEMA" "SCHEMAS" "SCOPE" "SCRATCHPAD" "SCROLL" "SEARCH" "SECOND" "SECONDS"
"SECOND_MICROSECOND" "SECQTY" "SECTION" "SECURITY" "SECURITYAUDIT" "SEEK" "SEL" "SELECT" "SEMANTICKEYPHRASETABLE" "SEMANTICSIMILARITYDETAILSTABLE"
"SEMANTICSIMILARITYTABLE" "SENSITIVE" "SEPARATOR" "SEQUENCE" "SESSION" "SESSION_USER" "SET" "SETRESRATE" "SETS" "SETSESSRATE" "SETUSER" "SHARE" "SHOW"
"SHUTDOWN" "SIGNAL" "SIMILAR" "SIMPLE" "SIN" "SINH" "SIZE" "SKEW" "SKIP" "SMALLINT" "SOME" "SOUNDEX" "SOURCE" "SPACE" "SPATIAL" "SPECIFIC" "SPECIFICTYPE"
"SPOOL" "SQL" "SQLEXCEPTION" "SQLSTATE" "SQLTEXT" "SQLWARNING" "SQL_BIG_RESULT" "SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS" "SQL_SMALL_RESULT" "SQRT" "SS" "SSL" "STANDARD"
"START" "STARTING" "STARTUP" "STAT" "STATE" "STATEMENT" "STATIC" "STATISTICS" "STAY" "STDDEV_POP" "STDDEV_SAMP" "STEPINFO" "STOGROUP" "STORED" "STORES"
"STRAIGHT_JOIN" "STRING_CS" "STRUCTURE" "STYLE" "SUBMULTISET" "SUBSCRIBER" "SUBSET" "SUBSTR" "SUBSTRING" "SUBSTRING_REGEX" "SUCCEEDS" "SUCCESSFUL"
"SUM" "SUMMARY" "SUSPEND" "SYMMETRIC" "SYNONYM" "SYSDATE" "SYSTEM" "SYSTEM_TIME" "SYSTEM_USER" "SYSTIMESTAMP" "TABLE" "TABLESAMPLE" "TABLESPACE" "TAN"
"TANH" "TBL_CS" "TEMPORARY" "TERMINATE" "TERMINATED" "TEXTSIZE" "THAN" "THEN" "THRESHOLD" "TIME" "TIMESTAMP" "TIMEZONE_HOUR" "TIMEZONE_MINUTE" "TINYBLOB"
"TINYINT" "TINYTEXT" "TITLE" "TO" "TOP" "TRACE" "TRAILING" "TRAN" "TRANSACTION" "TRANSLATE" "TRANSLATE_CHK" "TRANSLATE_REGEX" "TRANSLATION" "TREAT"
"TRIGGER" "TRIM" "TRIM_ARRAY" "TRUE" "TRUNCATE" "TRY_CONVERT" "TSEQUAL" "TYPE" "UC" "UESCAPE" "UID" "UNDEFINED" "UNDER" "UNDO" "UNION" "UNIQUE"
"UNKNOWN" "UNLOCK" "UNNEST" "UNPIVOT" "UNSIGNED" "UNTIL" "UPD" "UPDATE" "UPDATETEXT" "UPPER" "UPPERCASE" "USAGE" "USE" "USER" "USING" "UTC_DATE"
"UTC_TIME" "UTC_TIMESTAMP" "VALIDATE" "VALIDPROC" "VALUE" "VALUES" "VALUE_OF" "VARBINARY" "VARBYTE" "VARCHAR" "VARCHAR2" "VARCHARACTER" "VARGRAPHIC"
"VARIABLE" "VARIADIC" "VARIANT" "VARYING" "VAR_POP" "VAR_SAMP" "VCAT" "VERBOSE" "VERSIONING" "VIEW" "VIRTUAL" "VOLATILE" "VOLUMES" "WAIT" "WAITFOR"
"WHEN" "WHENEVER" "WHERE" "WHILE" "WIDTH_BUCKET" "WINDOW" "WITH" "WITHIN" "WITHIN_GROUP" "WITHOUT" "WLM" "WORK" "WRITE" "WRITETEXT" "XMLCAST" "XMLEXISTS"
"XMLNAMESPACES" "XOR" "YEAR" "YEARS" "YEAR_MONTH" "ZEROFILL" "ZEROIFNULL" "ZONE"
```