从补丁 198 开始，Amazon Redshift 将不再支持创建新的 Python UDF。现有的 Python UDF 将继续正常运行至 2026 年 6 月 30 日。有关更多信息，请参阅[博客文章](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/amazon-redshift-python-user-defined-functions-will-reach-end-of-support-after-june-30-2026/)。

# 确定最适合优化的查询
<a name="identify-queries-that-are-top-candidates-for-tuning"></a>

以下查询标识了过去 7 天内运行的前 50 个最耗时的语句。您可以使用结果来识别需要非常长时间的查询。您也可以确定经常运行的查询（在结果集中多次出现的查询）。通常可以优化此类查询以提高系统性能。

此外，此查询还提供与每个所发现的查询关联的提醒事件计数。这些提醒提供详细信息，供您用于提高查询的性能。有关更多信息，请参阅 [查看查询警报](c-reviewing-query-alerts.md)。

```
select trim(database) as db, count(query) as n_qry, 
max(substring (qrytext,1,80)) as qrytext, 
min(run_minutes) as "min" , 
max(run_minutes) as "max", 
avg(run_minutes) as "avg", sum(run_minutes) as total,  
max(query) as max_query_id, 
max(starttime)::date as last_run, 
sum(alerts) as alerts, aborted
from (select userid, label, stl_query.query, 
trim(database) as database, 
trim(querytxt) as qrytext, 
md5(trim(querytxt)) as qry_md5, 
starttime, endtime, 
(datediff(seconds, starttime,endtime)::numeric(12,2))/60 as run_minutes,     
alrt.num_events as alerts, aborted 
from stl_query 
left outer join 
(select query, 1 as num_events from stl_alert_event_log group by query ) as alrt 
on alrt.query = stl_query.query
where userid <> 1 and starttime >=  dateadd(day, -7, current_date)) 
group by database, label, qry_md5, aborted
order by total desc limit 50;
```