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# OpsWorks 堆栈操作系统
<a name="workinginstances-os"></a>

**重要**  
该 AWS OpsWorks Stacks 服务于 2024 年 5 月 26 日终止，新客户和现有客户均已禁用。我们强烈建议客户尽快将其工作负载迁移到其他解决方案。如果您对迁移有疑问，请通过 re [AWS : Post 或通过 Pre](https://repost.aws/) mium Su [AWS pp](https://aws.amazon.com/support) ort 与 AWS 支持 团队联系。

OpsWorks Stacks 支持多种内置操作系统的 64 位版本，包括亚马逊和 Ubuntu Linux 发行版以及微软 Windows 服务器。一些常规说明：
+ 堆栈的实例可以运行 Linux 或 Windows。

  堆栈可以在不同的实例上拥有不同的 Linux 版本或发行版，但您不能将 Linux 和 Windows 实例混合使用。
+ 您可以使用[自定义 AMIs](workinginstances-custom-ami.md)（Amazon 系统映像），但它们必须基于本节主题中描述的 OpsWorks 堆栈支持的 AMIs 其中一个。虽然有可能在其他操作系统（例如CentOS 6）上创建或注册实例。 *x*) 由自定义或社区生成的 AMIs，官方不支持这些内容。
  + [Linux 操作系统：](workinginstances-os-linux.md)
  + [Microsoft Windows Server](workinginstances-os-windows.md)
+ 您可以[手动启动和停止](workinginstances-starting.md)实例，或让 OpsWorks Stacks [自动扩展](workinginstances-autoscaling.md)实例的数量。

  您可以对任何堆栈使用基于时间的自动扩展功能；Linux 堆栈还可以使用基于负载的扩展。
+ 除了使用 OpsWorks 堆栈创建 Amazon EC2 实例外，您还可以使用在堆栈之外创建的 [Linux 堆栈注册实例](workinginstances-autoscaling.md)。 OpsWorks 

  这包括 Amazon EC2 实例和在您自己的硬件上运行的实例。但是，它们必须正在运行受支持的 Linux 发行版之一。您无法注册亚马逊 EC2 或本地 Windows 实例。

你可以运行 OpsWorks Stacks [https://docs.aws.amazon.com/opsworks/latest/APIReference/API_DescribeOperatingSystems.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/opsworks/latest/APIReference/API_DescribeOperatingSystems.html)API 来返回支持的操作系统及其支持的 Chef 版本的列表。以下是使用 AWS CLI的命令的示例。

```
aws opsworks describe-operating-systems
```

以下为响应示例。

```
{
    "OperatingSystems": [
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2014.03",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2014.09",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2014.09",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2014.09",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2015.03",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2015.03",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2015.03",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2015.09",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2015.09",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2015.09",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2016.03",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2016.03",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2016.03"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2016.09",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2016.09",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2016.09"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2017.03",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2017.03",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2017.03"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2017.09",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2017.09",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2017.09"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Amazon Linux 2018.03",
            "Id": "Amazon Linux 2018.03",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "amazon",
            "ReportedVersion": "2018.03"
        },
        {
            "Name": "CentOS Linux 7",
            "Id": "CentOS Linux 7",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "CentOS Linux",
            "ReportedVersion": "7"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Base",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Base",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Express",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Express",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Standard",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Standard",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Web",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Web",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Base",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Base",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Express",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Express",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Standard",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Standard",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Web",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Web",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Base",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Base",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Express",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Express",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Standard",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Standard",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Web",
            "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Web",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server",
            "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7",
            "Id": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux",
            "ReportedVersion": "7"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Ubuntu 12.04 LTS",
            "Id": "Ubuntu 12.04 LTS",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "ubuntu",
            "ReportedVersion": "12.04",
            "Supported": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Ubuntu 14.04 LTS",
            "Id": "Ubuntu 14.04 LTS",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "ubuntu",
            "ReportedVersion": "14.04"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS",
            "Id": "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "ubuntu",
            "ReportedVersion": "16.04"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Ubuntu 18.04 LTS",
            "Id": "Ubuntu 18.04 LTS",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "ubuntu",
            "ReportedVersion": "18.04"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Ubuntu 20.04 LTS",
            "Id": "Ubuntu 20.04 LTS",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                }
            ],
            "ReportedName": "ubuntu",
            "ReportedVersion": "20.04"
        },
        {
            "Name": "Custom",
            "Id": "Custom",
            "Type": "Linux",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.10"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "11.4"
                },
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "0.9"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "Name": "CustomWindows",
            "Id": "CustomWindows",
            "Type": "Windows",
            "ConfigurationManagers": [
                {
                    "Name": "Chef",
                    "Version": "12.2"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}
```

**Topics**
+ [Linux 操作系统：](workinginstances-os-linux.md)
+ [Microsoft Windows Server](workinginstances-os-windows.md)