本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。

# SNOMED CT 关联
<a name="ontology-linking-snomed"></a>

 使用 **InferSNOMEDCT** 操作可以检测医学实体，并将其与 2022 年 3 月版本的《医学系统术语表 (SNOMED CT)》中的概念关联起来。SNOMED CT 提供了全面的医学概念词汇，包括医学状况和解剖学、医学检查、治疗和手术。要了解有关 SNOMED CT 的更多信息，请访问 [SNOMED CT](https://www.snomed.org/value-of-snomedct)。

对于每个检测到的医疗实体，Amazon Comprehend Medical 会列出前五名 SNOMED CT IDs 概念和与医学概念相关的描述，以及表明模型对其预测可信度的置信度分数。SNOMED CT 概念 IDs 与置信度分数一起按置信度降序列出。然后，当您将 SNOMED CT 概念与 SNOMED CT 多元层次结构一起使用时， IDs 可以使用 SNOMED CT 概念来构建患者临床数据，用于医学编码、报告或临床分析。

**InferSNOMEDCT** 可供美国客户使用。有关其他国家/地区的 SNOMED CT 以及 SNOMED CT 许可的信息，请参阅 [SNOMED CT](https://www.snomed.org/value-of-snomedct)。

**InferSNOMEDCT** 非常适合以下场景：
+  协助对患者病历进行专业医学编码 
+  临床研究和试验 
+  人口健康管理

**InferSNOMEDCT** 可以检测以下类别的实体：它还会检测其他上下文信息，并将其作为属性或特征来关联。
+ `MEDICAL_CONDITION`：医学状况的体征、症状和诊断。
+ `ANATOMY`：身体部位或身体系统以及这些部位或系统的位置。
+ `TEST_TREATMENT_PROCEDURE`：用于确定医学状况的程序。

## 解剖学类别
<a name="anatomy-snomed"></a>

`ANATOMY` 类别可以检测对身体部位或身体系统以及这些部位或系统的位置的表述。

### 属性
<a name="anatomy-attributes-snomed"></a>

可以检测 `ANATOMY` 类别的以下属性：
+ `DIRECTION`：方位词。例如左、右、内侧、外侧、上、下、后、前、远端、近端、对侧、双侧、同侧、背侧或腹侧。
+ `SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE`：身体系统、解剖学位置或区域以及身体部位。

## 医学状况类别
<a name="snomed-med-cond"></a>

`MEDICAL_CONDITION` 类别可以检测医学状况的体征、症状和诊断。

### Type
<a name="med-cond-type-snomed"></a>

对于 **MEDICAL\$1CONDITION** 类别，可以检测以下类型：
+ `DX_NAME:`：通过对症状的评估来确定某种医学状况。

### 属性
<a name="med-cond-attributes-snomed"></a>

可以检测 `MEDICAL_CONDITION` 类别的以下属性：
+ `ACUITY:`：确定疾病的猛烈程度，例如慢性、急性、突发性、持续性或渐进性。
+ `QUALITY:`：医学状况的任何描述词语，例如阶段或等级。
+ `DIRECTION`：方位词。例如左、右、内侧、外侧、上、下、后、前、远端、近端、对侧、双侧、同侧、背侧或腹侧。
+ `SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE`：身体系统、解剖学位置或区域以及身体部位。

### 特征
<a name="med-cond-traits"></a>

可以检测 `MEDICAL_CONDITION` 类别的以下特征：
+ `DIAGNOSIS`：被确定为症状的原因或结果的医学状况。症状可以通过体检结果、实验室或放射学报告或其他方式发现。
+ `HYPOTHETICAL`：表明医学状况是一种假设。
+ `LOW_CONFIDENCE`：表明医学状况具有高度不确定性。这与提供的置信度分数没有直接关系。
+ `NEGATION`：表明不存在医学状况。
+ `PERTAINS_TO_FAMILY`：表明医学状况与患者家属有关，与患者无关。
+ `SIGN`：医生报告的医学状况。
+ `SYMPTON`：患者报告的医学状况。

## 检查、治疗和手术类别
<a name="ttt-snomed"></a>

`TEST_TREATMENT_PROCEDURE` 类别可以检测用于确定医学状况的程序。

### Type
<a name="ttt-type-snomed"></a>

对于 **TEST\$1TREATMENT\$1PROCEDURE** 类别，可以检测以下类型：
+ `PROCEDURE_NAME:`：对患者进行的干预措施，用于治疗疾病或为患者提供护理。
+ `TEST_NAME:`：对患者执行的诊断、测量、筛查或评级程序，最后可能产生结果数值。其中包括用于确定诊断、排除或确定病情或对患者进行评级或打分的任何程序、流程、评估或评分。
+ `TREATMENT_NAME:`：为对抗疾病或失调而采取的干预措施。其中包括药物，例如抗病毒药物和疫苗接种。

### 属性
<a name="ttt-attributes-snomed"></a>

对于 **TEST\$1TREATMENT\$1PROCEDURE** 类别，可以检测以下属性：
+ `TEST_NAME:`：进行过的诊断检查。
+ `TEST_VALUE:`：诊断检查的数字结果。
+ `TEST_UNIT:`：与 `TEST_VALUE:` 结果相关的单位。
+ `PROCEDURE_NAME:`：进行过的手术或医疗程序的名称。
+ `TREATMENT_NAME:`：对患者实施的治疗的名称。

### 特征
<a name="ttt-traits-snomed"></a>
+ `FUTURE`：表明检查、治疗或手术是将在临床记录中的主题事件之后发生的行动或事件。
+ `HYPOTHETICAL`：表明检查、治疗或手术是一种假设
+ `NEGATION`：表明结果为阴性或行动未执行。
+ `PAST_HISTORY`：表明检查、治疗或手术来自患者的过去（现在之前）。

## SNOMED CT 详细信息
<a name="snomed-details"></a>

JSON 响应中包含 SNOMED CT 详细信息，其中包括以下信息：
+ `EDITION:`：仅支持美国版。
+ `VERSIONDATE: `：使用的 SNOMED CT 版本的日期戳。
+ `LANGUAGE:`：支持对英语 (US-EN) 进行分析。

## 输入和响应示例
<a name="snomed-example"></a>

**注意**  
有关具体的 API 输入和响应语法，请参阅《Amazon Comprehend Medical API 参考》**中的 [InferSNOMEDCT](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/comprehend-medical/latest/api/API_InferSNOMEDCT.html)。

以下示例输入文本显示了 `InferSNOMEDCT` 操作的工作原理。要查看所有输入文本，请滚动**复制**按钮。

```
"HEENT : Boggy inferior turbinates, No oropharyngeal lesion"
```

`InferSNOMEDCT` 操作以 JSON 格式返回以下输出。

```
{
    "Entities": [
        {
            "Category": "ANATOMY",
            "BeginOffset": 0,
            "EndOffset": 5,
            "Text": "HEENT",
            "Traits": [],
            "SNOMEDCTConcepts": [
                {
                    "Code": "69536005",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Head structure (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "429031000124106",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Review of systems, head, ear, eyes, nose and throat (procedure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "385383008",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Ear, nose and throat structure (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "64237003",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Structure of left half of head (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "113028003",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Ear, nose and throat examination (procedure)"
                }
            ],
            "Score": Float,
            "Attributes": [],
            "Type": "SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE",
            "Id": 0
        },
        {
            "Category": "MEDICAL_CONDITION",
            "BeginOffset": 8,
            "EndOffset": 33,
            "Text": "Boggy inferior turbinates",
            "Traits": [
                {
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Name": "SIGN"
                }
            ],
            "SNOMEDCTConcepts": [
                {
                    "Code": "254477009",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Tumor of inferior turbinate (disorder)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "260762006",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Choroidal invasion status (attribute)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "2455009",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Revision of lumbosubarachnoid shunt (procedure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "19883003",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Atrophy of nasal turbinates (disorder)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "256723009",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Inferior turbinate flap (substance)"
                }
            ],
            "Score": Float,
            "Attributes": [
                {
                    "Category": "ANATOMY",
                    "RelationshipScore": Float,
                    "EndOffset": 5,
                    "Text": "HEENT",
                    "Traits": [],
                    "SNOMEDCTConcepts": [
                        {
                            "Code": "69536005",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Head structure (body structure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "429031000124106",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Review of systems, head, ear, eyes, nose and throat (procedure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "385383008",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Ear, nose and throat structure (body structure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "64237003",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Structure of left half of head (body structure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "113028003",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Ear, nose and throat examination (procedure)"
                        }
                    ],
                    "Score": Float,
                    "RelationshipType": "SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE",
                    "Type": "SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE",
                    "Id": 0,
                    "BeginOffset": 0
                }
            ],
            "Type": "DX_NAME",
            "Id": 1
        },
        {
            "Category": "ANATOMY",
            "BeginOffset": 23,
            "EndOffset": 33,
            "Text": "turbinates",
            "Traits": [],
            "SNOMEDCTConcepts": [
                {
                    "Code": "310607007",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Sarcoidosis of inferior turbinates (disorder)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "80153006",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Segmented neutrophil (cell)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "46607005",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Nasal turbinate structure (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "6553002",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Inferior nasal turbinate structure (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "254477009",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Tumor of inferior turbinate (disorder)"
                }
            ],
            "Score": Float,
            "Attributes": [],
            "Type": "SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE",
            "Id": 3
        },
        {
            "Category": "ANATOMY",
            "BeginOffset": 39,
            "EndOffset": 52,
            "Text": "oropharyngeal",
            "Traits": [],
            "SNOMEDCTConcepts": [
                {
                    "Code": "31389004",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Oropharyngeal structure (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "33431000119109",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Lesion of oropharynx (disorder)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "263376008",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Entire oropharynx (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "716151000",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Structure of oropharynx and/or hypopharynx and/or larynx (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "764786007",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Oropharyngeal (intended site)"
                }
            ],
            "Score": Float,
            "Attributes": [],
            "Type": "SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE",
            "Id": 5
        },
        {
            "Category": "MEDICAL_CONDITION",
            "BeginOffset": 39,
            "EndOffset": 59,
            "Text": "oropharyngeal lesion",
            "Traits": [
                {
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Name": "SIGN"
                }
            ],
            "SNOMEDCTConcepts": [
                {
                    "Code": "31389004",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Oropharyngeal structure (body structure)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "33431000119109",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Lesion of oropharynx (disorder)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "764786007",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Oropharyngeal (intended site)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "418664002",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Oropharyngeal route (qualifier value)"
                },
                {
                    "Code": "110162001",
                    "Score": Float,
                    "Description": "Abrasion of oropharynx (disorder)"
                }
            ],
            "Score": Float,
            "Attributes": [
                {
                    "Category": "ANATOMY",
                    "RelationshipScore": Float,
                    "EndOffset": 5,
                    "Text": "HEENT",
                    "Traits": [],
                    "SNOMEDCTConcepts": [
                        {
                            "Code": "69536005",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Head structure (body structure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "429031000124106",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Review of systems, head, ear, eyes, nose and throat (procedure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "385383008",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Ear, nose and throat structure (body structure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "64237003",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Structure of left half of head (body structure)"
                        },
                        {
                            "Code": "113028003",
                            "Score": Float,
                            "Description": "Ear, nose and throat examination (procedure)"
                        }
                    ],
                    "Score": Float,
                    "RelationshipType": "SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE",
                    "Type": "SYSTEM_ORGAN_SITE",
                    "Id": 0,
                    "BeginOffset": 0
                }
            ],
            "Type": "DX_NAME",
            "Id": 4
        }
    ],
    "SNOMEDCTDetails": {
        "Edition": "US",
        "VersionDate": "20200901",
        "Language": "en"
    },
    "Characters": {
        "OriginalTextCharacters": 59
    },
    "ModelVersion": "3.3.0.20220301"
}
```