Amazon Redshift will no longer support the creation of new Python UDFs starting Patch 198. Existing Python UDFs will continue to function until June 30, 2026. For more information, see the [ blog post ](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/amazon-redshift-python-user-defined-functions-will-reach-end-of-support-after-june-30-2026/).
# STL\$1DDLTEXT
Captures the following DDL statements that were run on the system.
These DDL statements include the following queries and objects:
+ CREATE SCHEMA, TABLE, VIEW
+ DROP SCHEMA, TABLE, VIEW
+ ALTER SCHEMA, TABLE
See also [STL\$1QUERYTEXT](r_STL_QUERYTEXT.md), [STL\$1UTILITYTEXT](r_STL_UTILITYTEXT.md), and [SVL\$1STATEMENTTEXT](r_SVL_STATEMENTTEXT.md). These views provide a timeline of the SQL commands that are run on the system; this history is useful for troubleshooting and for creating an audit trail of all system activities.
Use the STARTTIME and ENDTIME columns to find out which statements were logged during a given time period. Long blocks of SQL text are broken into lines 200 characters long; the SEQUENCE column identifies fragments of text that belong to a single statement.
STL\$1DDLTEXT is visible to all users. Superusers can see all rows; regular users can see only their own data. For more information, see [Visibility of data in system tables and views](cm_chap_system-tables.md#c_visibility-of-data).
Some or all of the data in this table can also be found in the SYS monitoring view [SYS\$1QUERY\$1HISTORY](SYS_QUERY_HISTORY.md). The data in the SYS monitoring view is formatted to be easier to use and understand. We recommend that you use the SYS monitoring view for your queries.
## Table columns
[\[See the AWS documentation website for more details\]](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/r_STL_DDLTEXT.html)
## Sample queries
The following query returns records that include previously run DDL statements.
```
select xid, starttime, sequence, substring(text,1,40) as text
from stl_ddltext order by xid desc, sequence;
```
The following is sample output that shows four CREATE TABLE statements. The DDL statements appear in the `text` column, which is truncated for readability.
```
xid | starttime | sequence | text
------+----------------------------+----------+------------------------------------------
1806 | 2013-10-23 00:11:14.709851 | 0 | CREATE TABLE supplier ( s_suppkey int4 N
1806 | 2013-10-23 00:11:14.709851 | 1 | s_comment varchar(101) NOT NULL )
1805 | 2013-10-23 00:11:14.496153 | 0 | CREATE TABLE region ( r_regionkey int4 N
1804 | 2013-10-23 00:11:14.285986 | 0 | CREATE TABLE partsupp ( ps_partkey int8
1803 | 2013-10-23 00:11:14.056901 | 0 | CREATE TABLE part ( p_partkey int8 NOT N
1803 | 2013-10-23 00:11:14.056901 | 1 | ner char(10) NOT NULL , p_retailprice nu
(6 rows)
```
### Reconstructing Stored SQL
The following SQL lists rows stored in the `text` column of STL\$1DDLTEXT. The rows are ordered by `xid` and `sequence`. If the original SQL was longer than 200 characters multiple rows, STL\$1DDLTEXT can contain multiple rows by `sequence`.
```
SELECT xid, sequence, LISTAGG(CASE WHEN LEN(RTRIM(text)) = 0 THEN text ELSE RTRIM(text) END, '') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY sequence) as query_statement
FROM stl_ddltext GROUP BY xid, sequence ORDER BY xid, sequence;
```
```
xid | sequence | query_statement
--------+-----------+-----------------
7886671 0 create external schema schema_spectrum_uddh\nfrom data catalog\ndatabase 'spectrum_db_uddh'\niam_role ''\ncreate external database if not exists;
7886752 0 CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE schema_spectrum_uddh.soccer_league\n(\n league_rank smallint,\n prev_rank smallint,\n club_name varchar(15),\n league_name varchar(20),\n league_off decimal(6,2),\n le
7886752 1 ague_def decimal(6,2),\n league_spi decimal(6,2),\n league_nspi smallint\n)\nROW FORMAT DELIMITED \n FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' \n LINES TERMINATED BY '\\n\\l'\nstored as textfile\nLOCATION 's
7886752 2 3://mybucket-spectrum-uddh/'\ntable properties ('skip.header.line.count'='1');
...
```
To reconstruct the SQL stored in the `text` column of STL\$1DDLTEXT, run the following SQL statement. It puts together DDL statements from one or more segments in the `text` column. Before running the reconstructed SQL, replace any (`\n`) special characters with a new line in your SQL client. The results of the following SELECT statement puts together three rows in sequence order to reconstruct the SQL, in the `query_statement` field.
```
SELECT LISTAGG(CASE WHEN LEN(RTRIM(text)) = 0 THEN text ELSE RTRIM(text) END) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY sequence) as query_statement
FROM stl_ddltext GROUP BY xid, endtime order by xid, endtime;
```
```
query_statement
--------------
create external schema schema_spectrum_uddh\nfrom data catalog\ndatabase 'spectrum_db_uddh'\niam_role ''\ncreate external database if not exists;
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE schema_spectrum_uddh.soccer_league\n(\n league_rank smallint,\n prev_rank smallint,\n club_name varchar(15),\n league_name varchar(20),\n league_off decimal(6,2),\n league_def decimal(6,2),\n league_spi decimal(6,2),\n league_nspi smallint\n)\nROW FORMAT DELIMITED \n FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' \n LINES TERMINATED BY '\\n\\l'\nstored as textfile\nLOCATION 's3://mybucket-spectrum-uddh/'\ntable properties ('skip.header.line.count'='1');
```