• O AWS Systems Manager CloudWatch Dashboard não estará mais disponível a partir de 30 de abril de 2026. Os clientes podem continuar usando o console do Amazon CloudWatch para visualizar, criar e gerenciar os painéis do Amazon CloudWatch exatamente como fazem hoje. Para obter mais informações, consulte a [documentação do Amazon CloudWatch](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/monitoring/CloudWatch_Dashboards.html).
# Criar runbooks do Automation
Cada runbook no Automation, uma ferramenta do AWS Systems Manager, define uma automação. Os runbooks do Automation definem as ações que são executadas durante uma automação. No conteúdo do runbook, você define os parâmetros de entrada, saídas e ações que o Systems Manager realiza nas suas instâncias gerenciadas e os recursos da AWS.
A Automação inclui vários runbooks predefinidos que você pode usar para executar tarefas comuns, como reiniciar uma ou mais instâncias do Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) ou criar uma Amazon Machine Image (AMI). No entanto, seus casos de uso podem se estender além dos recursos dos runbooks predefinidos. Se esse for o caso, você pode criar seus próprios runbooks e modificá-los de acordo com suas necessidades.
Um runbook consiste em ações de automação, parâmetros para essas ações e parâmetros de entrada especificados. O conteúdo de um runbook é escrito em YAML ou JSON. Se você não estiver familiarizado com YAML ou JSON, recomendamos usar o designer visual ou aprender mais sobre qualquer linguagem de marcação antes de tentar criar seu próprio runbook. Para obter mais informações sobre o designer visual, consulte [Experiência de design visual para runbooks de automação](automation-visual-designer.md).
As seções a seguir ajudarão você a criar seu primeiro runbook.
## Identifique seu caso de uso
A primeira etapa na criação de um runbook é identificar o caso de uso. Por exemplo, você agendou o runbook `AWS-CreateImage` para ser executado diariamente em todas as instâncias do Amazon EC2 de produção. No final do mês, você percebe que tem mais imagens do que são necessárias para obter pontos de recuperação. No futuro, você precisará excluir automaticamente a AMI mais antiga de uma instância do Amazon EC2, quando uma nova AMI for criada. Para fazer isso, você cria um novo runbook que faz o seguinte:
1. Executa a ação `aws:createImage` e especifica o ID da instância na descrição da imagem.
1. Executa a ação `aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty` para sondar o estado da imagem até que ela esteja `available`.
1. Depois que o estado da imagem estiver `available`, o `aws:executeScript` executa um script Python personalizado que reúne os IDs de todas as imagens associadas à sua instância do Amazon EC2. O script faz isso filtrando, usando o ID da instância na descrição da imagem que você especificou na criação. Em seguida, o script classifica a lista de IDs de imagem com base no `creationDate` da imagem e emite o ID da AMI mais antiga.
1. Por último, a ação `aws:deleteImage` é executada para excluir a AMI mais antiga, usando o ID do resultado da etapa anterior.
Nesse cenário, você já estava usando o runbook `AWS-CreateImage`, mas descobriu que seu caso de uso exigia maior flexibilidade. Esta é uma situação comum porque pode haver sobreposição entre runbooks e ações de automação. Como resultado, talvez seja necessário ajustar quais runbooks ou ações você deve usar para resolver seu caso de uso.
Por exemplo, as ações `aws:executeScript` e `aws:invokeLambdaFunction` permitem que você execute scripts personalizados como parte de sua automação. Para escolher entre eles, você pode preferir o `aws:invokeLambdaFunction` devido às linguagens do runtime adicionais suportadas. No entanto, você pode preferir o `aws:executeScript`, porque permite criar conteúdo de script diretamente em runbooks YAML e fornecer conteúdo de script como anexos para runbooks JSON. Você também pode considerar o `aws:executeScript` para ser mais simples em termos de configuração do AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM). Como ele usa as permissões fornecidas no `AutomationAssumeRole`, o `aws:executeScript` não requer uma função do AWS Lambda de execução da função.
Em qualquer cenário específico, uma ação pode fornecer mais flexibilidade, ou funcionalidade adicional, sobre outra. Portanto, recomendamos que você revise os parâmetros de entrada disponíveis para o runbook ou ação que quiser usar, para determinar qual melhor se adapta ao seu caso de uso e preferências.
## Configuração do ambiente de desenvolvimento
Depois de identificar seu caso de uso e os runbooks predefinidos ou ações de automação que deseja usar no runbook, é hora de configurar seu ambiente de desenvolvimento para o conteúdo do runbook. Para desenvolver o conteúdo do runbook, recomendamos usar o AWS Toolkit for Visual Studio Code em vez do console de documentos do Systems Manager.
O Toolkit for VS Code é uma extensão de código aberto para o Visual Studio Code (VS Code) que oferece mais recursos do que o console Systems Manager Documents. Os recursos úteis incluem validação de esquema para YAML e JSON, trechos para tipos de ação de automação e suporte de preenchimento automático para várias opções em YAML e JSON.
Para obter mais informações sobre como instalar o Toolkit for VS Code, consulte [Instalar o AWS Toolkit for Visual Studio Code](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/toolkit-for-vscode/latest/userguide/setup-toolkit.html). Para obter mais informações sobre como usar o Toolkit for VS Code para desenvolver runbooks, consulte [Trabalhar com documentos do Systems Manager Automation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/toolkit-for-vscode/latest/userguide/systems-manager-automation-docs.html) no *Manual do usuário do AWS Toolkit for Visual Studio Code*.
## Desenvolva conteúdo do runbook
Com o caso de uso identificado e o ambiente configurado, você está pronto para desenvolver o conteúdo do runbook. Seu caso de uso e suas preferências ditarão em grande parte as ações de automação ou os runbooks que você usa no conteúdo do runbook. Algumas ações suportam apenas um subconjunto de parâmetros de entrada quando comparadas a outra ação que permite realizar uma tarefa semelhante. Outras ações têm resultados específicos, como `aws:createImage`, onde algumas ações permitem que você defina suas próprias saídas, como `aws:executeAwsApi`.
Se você não tiver certeza de como usar uma ação específica em seu runbook, recomendamos analisar a entrada correspondente para a ação na seção [Referência de ações do Systems Manager Automation](automation-actions.md). Recomendamos também examinar o conteúdo de runbooks predefinidos para ver exemplos reais de como essas ações são usadas. Para obter mais exemplos de aplicações reais de runbooks, consulte [Exemplos adicionais de runbook](automation-document-examples.md).
Para demonstrar as diferenças de simplicidade e flexibilidade que o conteúdo do runbook fornece, os tutoriais a seguir fornecem um exemplo de como aplicar patches a grupos de instâncias do Amazon EC2 em etapas:
+ [Exemplo 1: criação de runbooks pai-filho](automation-authoring-runbooks-parent-child-example.md): neste exemplo, dois runbooks são usados em um relacionamento pai-filho. O runbook pai inicia uma automação de controle de taxa do runbook filho.
+ [Exemplo 2: Runbook com script](automation-authoring-runbooks-scripted-example.md): este exemplo demonstra como você pode realizar as mesmas tarefas do Exemplo 1 condensando o conteúdo em um único runbook e usando scripts em seu runbook.
# Exemplo 1: criação de runbooks pai-filho
O exemplo a seguir demonstra como criar dois runbooks que corrigem grupos marcados de instâncias do Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) em estágios. Esses runbooks são usados em um relacionamento pai-filho com o runbook pai usado para iniciar uma automação de controle de taxa do runbook filho. Para obter mais informações sobre automações de controle de taxas, consulte [Executar operações automatizadas em escala](running-automations-scale.md). Para obter mais informações sobre as ações de automação usadas neste exemplo, consulte a [Referência de ações do Systems Manager Automation](automation-actions.md).
## Crie o runbook filho
Este exemplo de runbook aborda o seguinte cenário. Emily é engenheira de sistemas na AnyCompany Consultants, LLC. Ela precisa configurar patches para grupos de instâncias do Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) que hospedam bancos de dados primários e secundários. As aplicações acessam esses bancos de dados 24 horas por dia, portanto, uma das instâncias do banco de dados deve estar sempre disponível.
Ela decide que a aplicação de patches nas instâncias em etapas é a melhor abordagem. O grupo principal de instâncias de banco de dados receberão o patch primeiro, seguido pelo grupo secundário de instâncias de banco de dados. Além disso, para evitar custos adicionais, deixando instâncias em execução que foram interrompidas anteriormente, Emily quer que as instâncias corrigidas sejam retornadas ao seu estado original, antes da aplicação de patches.
Emily identifica os grupos primário e secundário de instâncias de banco de dados pelas tags associadas às instâncias. Ela decide criar um runbook pai que inicia uma automação de controle de taxa de um runbook filho. Ao fazer isso, ela pode direcionar as tags associadas aos grupos primário e secundário de instâncias do banco de dados e gerenciar a simultaneidade das automações filho. Depois de analisar os documentos do Systems Manager (SSM) disponíveis para aplicação de patches, ela escolhe o documento `AWS-RunPatchBaseline`. Usando este documento do SSM, seus colegas podem revisar as informações de conformidade de patch associadas após a conclusão da operação de patch.
Para começar a criar o conteúdo do runbook, Emily analisa as ações de automação disponíveis e começa a criar o conteúdo para o runbook filho da seguinte maneira:
1. Primeiro, ela fornece valores para o esquema e a descrição do runbook e define os parâmetros de entrada para o runbook filho.
Utilizando o parâmetro `AutomationAssumeRole`, Emily e seus colegas podem usar uma função do IAM existente que permite que o Automation realize ações no runbook em seu nome. Emily usa o parâmetro `InstanceId` para determinar a instância que deve ser corrigida. Opcionalmente, os parâmetros `Operation`, `RebootOption` e `SnapshotId` podem ser usados para fornecer valores para documentar os parâmetros para `AWS-RunPatchBaseline`. Para evitar que valores inválidos sejam fornecidos a esses parâmetros do documento, ela define a propriedade `allowedValues` conforme necessário.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
schemaVersion: '0.3'
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: >-
'(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the
actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager
Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
default: ''
InstanceId:
type: String
description: >-
'(Required) The instance you want to patch.'
SnapshotId:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
default: ''
RebootOption:
type: String
description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
allowedValues:
- NoReboot
- RebootIfNeeded
default: RebootIfNeeded
Operation:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
allowedValues:
- Install
- Scan
default: Install
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"schemaVersion":"0.3",
"description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
"assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
"parameters":{
"AutomationAssumeRole":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
"default":""
},
"InstanceId":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Required) The instance you want to patch."
},
"SnapshotId":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
"default":""
},
"RebootOption":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
"allowedValues":[
"NoReboot",
"RebootIfNeeded"
],
"default":"RebootIfNeeded"
},
"Operation":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
"allowedValues":[
"Install",
"Scan"
],
"default":"Install"
}
}
},
```
------
1. Com os elementos de nível superior definidos, Emily prossegue com a criação das ações que compõem as `mainSteps` do runbook. A primeira etapa gera o estado atual da instância de destino especificada no parâmetro de entrada `InstanceId` usando a ação `aws:executeAwsApi`. A saída desta ação é usada em ações posteriores.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
mainSteps:
- name: getInstanceState
action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
outputs:
- Name: instanceState
Selector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
Type: String
nextStep: branchOnInstanceState
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
"mainSteps":[
{
"name":"getInstanceState",
"action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"inputs":null,
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
]
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"instanceState",
"Selector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"branchOnInstanceState"
},
```
------
1. Em vez de iniciar manualmente e manter o controle do estado original de cada instância que precisa ser corrigida, Emily usa a saída da ação anterior para ramificar a automação com base no estado da instância de destino. Isso permite que a automação execute etapas diferentes dependendo das condições definidas na ação `aws:branch` e melhora a eficiência geral da automação sem intervenção manual.
Se o estado da instância já for `running`, a automação prossegue com o patch da instância com o documento `AWS-RunPatchBaseline` usando a ação `aws:runCommand`.
Se o estado da instância for `stopping`, as pesquisas de automação sondam para a instância alcançar o estado `stopped`, usando a `aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty`, inicia a instância usando a ação `executeAwsApi`, e sonda a instância para alcançar um estado `running` antes de aplicar os patches nela.
Se o estado da instância for `stopped`, as pesquisas de automação iniciam a instância e a sonda para alcançar o estado `running`, antes de aplicar os patches na instância, usando as mesmas ações.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
- name: branchOnInstanceState
action: 'aws:branch'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Choices:
- NextStep: startInstance
Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: stopped
- NextStep: verifyInstanceStopped
Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: stopping
- NextStep: patchInstance
Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: running
isEnd: true
- name: startInstance
action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: StartInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
nextStep: verifyInstanceRunning
- name: verifyInstanceRunning
action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
timeoutSeconds: 120
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
DesiredValues:
- running
nextStep: patchInstance
- name: verifyInstanceStopped
action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
timeoutSeconds: 120
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
DesiredValues:
- stopped
nextStep: startInstance
- name: patchInstance
action: 'aws:runCommand'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 5400
inputs:
DocumentName: 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline'
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
Parameters:
SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
Operation: '{{Operation}}'
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"name":"branchOnInstanceState",
"action":"aws:branch",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Choices":[
{
"NextStep":"startInstance",
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"stopped"
},
{
"Or":[
{
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"stopping"
}
],
"NextStep":"verifyInstanceStopped"
},
{
"NextStep":"patchInstance",
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"running"
}
]
},
"isEnd":true
},
{
"name":"startInstance",
"action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"StartInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
]
},
"nextStep":"verifyInstanceRunning"
},
{
"name":"verifyInstanceRunning",
"action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
],
"PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
"DesiredValues":[
"running"
]
},
"nextStep":"patchInstance"
},
{
"name":"verifyInstanceStopped",
"action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
],
"PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
"DesiredValues":[
"stopped"
],
"nextStep":"startInstance"
}
},
{
"name":"patchInstance",
"action":"aws:runCommand",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":5400,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
],
"Parameters":{
"SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
"RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
"Operation":"{{Operation}}"
}
}
},
```
------
1. Após a conclusão da operação de patch, Emily deseja que a automação retorne a instância de destino ao mesmo estado em que estava antes da automação ser iniciada. Ela faz isso usando novamente a saída da primeira ação. As ramificações de automação com base no estado original da instância de destino usando a ação `aws:branch`. Se a instância estava anteriormente em outro estado diferente de `running`, ela será interrompida. Caso contrário, se o estado da instância for `running`, a automação é encerrada.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
- name: branchOnOriginalInstanceState
action: 'aws:branch'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Choices:
- NextStep: stopInstance
Not:
Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: running
isEnd: true
- name: stopInstance
action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: StopInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"name":"branchOnOriginalInstanceState",
"action":"aws:branch",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Choices":[
{
"NextStep":"stopInstance",
"Not":{
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"running"
}
}
]
},
"isEnd":true
},
{
"name":"stopInstance",
"action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"StopInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
]
}
}
]
}
```
------
1. Emily analisa o conteúdo do runbook filho concluído e cria o runbook na mesma Conta da AWS e Região da AWS das instâncias de destino. Agora ela está pronta para continuar com a criação do conteúdo do runbook pai. Abaixo está o conteúdo do runbook filho concluído.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
schemaVersion: '0.3'
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: >-
'(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the
actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager
Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
default: ''
InstanceId:
type: String
description: >-
'(Required) The instance you want to patch.'
SnapshotId:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
default: ''
RebootOption:
type: String
description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
allowedValues:
- NoReboot
- RebootIfNeeded
default: RebootIfNeeded
Operation:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
allowedValues:
- Install
- Scan
default: Install
mainSteps:
- name: getInstanceState
action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
outputs:
- Name: instanceState
Selector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
Type: String
nextStep: branchOnInstanceState
- name: branchOnInstanceState
action: 'aws:branch'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Choices:
- NextStep: startInstance
Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: stopped
- Or:
- Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: stopping
NextStep: verifyInstanceStopped
- NextStep: patchInstance
Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: running
isEnd: true
- name: startInstance
action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: StartInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
nextStep: verifyInstanceRunning
- name: verifyInstanceRunning
action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
timeoutSeconds: 120
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
DesiredValues:
- running
nextStep: patchInstance
- name: verifyInstanceStopped
action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
timeoutSeconds: 120
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
DesiredValues:
- stopped
nextStep: startInstance
- name: patchInstance
action: 'aws:runCommand'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 5400
inputs:
DocumentName: 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline'
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
Parameters:
SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
Operation: '{{Operation}}'
- name: branchOnOriginalInstanceState
action: 'aws:branch'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Choices:
- NextStep: stopInstance
Not:
Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
StringEquals: running
isEnd: true
- name: stopInstance
action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: StopInstances
InstanceIds:
- '{{InstanceId}}'
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"schemaVersion":"0.3",
"description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
"assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
"parameters":{
"AutomationAssumeRole":{
"type":"String",
"description":"'(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'",
"default":""
},
"InstanceId":{
"type":"String",
"description":"'(Required) The instance you want to patch.'"
},
"SnapshotId":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
"default":""
},
"RebootOption":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
"allowedValues":[
"NoReboot",
"RebootIfNeeded"
],
"default":"RebootIfNeeded"
},
"Operation":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
"allowedValues":[
"Install",
"Scan"
],
"default":"Install"
}
},
"mainSteps":[
{
"name":"getInstanceState",
"action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"inputs":null,
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
]
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"instanceState",
"Selector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"branchOnInstanceState"
},
{
"name":"branchOnInstanceState",
"action":"aws:branch",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Choices":[
{
"NextStep":"startInstance",
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"stopped"
},
{
"Or":[
{
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"stopping"
}
],
"NextStep":"verifyInstanceStopped"
},
{
"NextStep":"patchInstance",
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"running"
}
]
},
"isEnd":true
},
{
"name":"startInstance",
"action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"StartInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
]
},
"nextStep":"verifyInstanceRunning"
},
{
"name":"verifyInstanceRunning",
"action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
],
"PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
"DesiredValues":[
"running"
]
},
"nextStep":"patchInstance"
},
{
"name":"verifyInstanceStopped",
"action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
],
"PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
"DesiredValues":[
"stopped"
],
"nextStep":"startInstance"
}
},
{
"name":"patchInstance",
"action":"aws:runCommand",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":5400,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
],
"Parameters":{
"SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
"RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
"Operation":"{{Operation}}"
}
}
},
{
"name":"branchOnOriginalInstanceState",
"action":"aws:branch",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Choices":[
{
"NextStep":"stopInstance",
"Not":{
"Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
"StringEquals":"running"
}
}
]
},
"isEnd":true
},
{
"name":"stopInstance",
"action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Service":"ec2",
"Api":"StopInstances",
"InstanceIds":[
"{{InstanceId}}"
]
}
}
]
}
```
------
Para obter mais informações sobre as ações de automação usadas neste exemplo, consulte a [Referência de ações do Systems Manager Automation](automation-actions.md).
## Crie o runbook pai
Esse exemplo de runbook continua o cenário descrito na seção anterior. Agora que Emily criou o runbook filho, ela começa a criar o conteúdo para o runbook pai da seguinte maneira:
1. Primeiro, ela fornece valores para o esquema e a descrição do runbook e define os parâmetros de entrada para o runbook pai.
Utilizando o parâmetro `AutomationAssumeRole`, Emily e seus colegas podem usar uma função do IAM existente que permite que o Automation realize ações no runbook em seu nome. Emily usa os parâmetros `PatchGroupPrimaryKey` e `PatchGroupPrimaryValue` para especificar a tag associada ao grupo primário de instâncias de banco de dados que será corrigido. Ela usa os parâmetros `PatchGroupSecondaryKey` e `PatchGroupSecondaryValue` para especificar as tags associadas ao grupo secundário de instâncias de banco de dados nos quais os patches serão aplicados.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
default: ''
PatchGroupPrimaryKey:
type: String
description: '(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.''
PatchGroupPrimaryValue:
type: String
description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.'
PatchGroupSecondaryKey:
type: String
description: '(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.'
PatchGroupSecondaryValue:
type: String
description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.'
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"schemaVersion": "0.3",
"description": "An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
"assumeRole": "{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
"parameters": {
"AutomationAssumeRole": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
"default": ""
},
"PatchGroupPrimaryKey": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
},
"PatchGroupPrimaryValue": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
},
"PatchGroupSecondaryKey": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
},
"PatchGroupSecondaryValue": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
}
}
},
```
------
1. Com os elementos de nível superior definidos, Emily prossegue com a criação das ações que compõem as `mainSteps` do runbook.
A primeira ação inicia uma automação de controle de taxa usando o runbook filho recém-criado, direcionado a instâncias associadas à tag especificada no `PatchGroupPrimaryKey` e nos parâmetros de entrada `PatchGroupPrimaryValue`. Ela usa os valores fornecidos aos parâmetros de entrada para especificar a chave e o valor da tag associada ao grupo primário de instâncias de banco de dados nos quais deseja aplicar o patch.
Depois que a primeira automação for concluída, a segunda ação inicia outra automação de controle de taxa usando o runbook filho direcionado a instâncias associadas à tag especificada no `PatchGroupSecondaryKey` e no parâmetros de entrada do `PatchGroupSecondaryValue`. Ela usa os valores fornecidos aos parâmetros de entrada para especificar a chave e o valor da tag associada ao grupo secundário de instâncias de banco de dados nos quais deseja aplicar o patch.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
mainSteps:
- name: patchPrimaryTargets
action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
Targets:
- Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}'
Values:
- '{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}'
TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
- name: patchSecondaryTargets
action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
Targets:
- Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}'
Values:
- '{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}'
TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
"mainSteps":[
{
"name":"patchPrimaryTargets",
"action":"aws:executeAutomation",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}"
]
}
],
"TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
}
},
{
"name":"patchSecondaryTargets",
"action":"aws:executeAutomation",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}"
]
}
],
"TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
}
}
]
}
```
------
1. Emily analisa o conteúdo do runbook pai concluído e cria o runbook na mesma Conta da AWS e Região da AWS das instâncias de destino. Agora ela está pronta para testar seus runbooks para garantir que a automação funcione conforme desejado antes de implementá-la em seu ambiente de produção. Abaixo está o conteúdo do runbook pai concluído.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
description: An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
default: ''
PatchGroupPrimaryKey:
type: String
description: (Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.
PatchGroupPrimaryValue:
type: String
description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. '
PatchGroupSecondaryKey:
type: String
description: (Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.
PatchGroupSecondaryValue:
type: String
description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch. '
mainSteps:
- name: patchPrimaryTargets
action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
Targets:
- Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}'
Values:
- '{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}'
TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
- name: patchSecondaryTargets
action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
Targets:
- Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}'
Values:
- '{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}'
TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
"schemaVersion":"0.3",
"assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
"parameters":{
"AutomationAssumeRole":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
"default":""
},
"PatchGroupPrimaryKey":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
},
"PatchGroupPrimaryValue":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. "
},
"PatchGroupSecondaryKey":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
},
"PatchGroupSecondaryValue":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch. "
}
},
"mainSteps":[
{
"name":"patchPrimaryTargets",
"action":"aws:executeAutomation",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}"
]
}
],
"TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
}
},
{
"name":"patchSecondaryTargets",
"action":"aws:executeAutomation",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}"
]
}
],
"TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
}
}
]
}
```
------
Para obter mais informações sobre as ações de automação usadas neste exemplo, consulte a [Referência de ações do Systems Manager Automation](automation-actions.md).
# Exemplo 2: Runbook com script
Este exemplo de runbook aborda o seguinte cenário. Emily é engenheira de sistemas na AnyCompany Consultants, LLC. Ela criou anteriormente dois runbooks que são usados em um relacionamento pai-filho para grupos de patches de instâncias do Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) que hospedam bancos de dados primários e secundários. As aplicações acessam esses bancos de dados 24 horas por dia, portanto, uma das instâncias do banco de dados deve estar sempre disponível.
Com base nesse requisito, ela criou uma solução que corrige as instâncias em etapas usando o documento do Systems Manager (SSM) `AWS-RunPatchBaseline`. Usando este documento do SSM, seus colegas podem revisar as informações de conformidade de patch associadas após a conclusão da operação de patch.
O grupo principal de instâncias de banco de dados recebem o patch primeiro, seguido pelo grupo secundário de instâncias de banco de dados. Além disso, para evitar custos adicionais, deixando instâncias em execução que foram interrompidas anteriormente, Emily garantiu que a automação retornasse as instâncias corrigidas ao seu estado original antes da aplicação de patches ocorrer. Emily usou tags associadas aos grupos primário e secundário de instâncias de banco de dados para identificar quais instâncias devem ser corrigidas na ordem desejada.
A solução automatizada existente funciona, mas ela quer melhorar a solução, se possível. Para ajudar na manutenção do conteúdo do runbook e facilitar a solução de problemas, ela gostaria de condensar a automação em um único runbook e simplificar o número de parâmetros de entrada. Além disso, ela gostaria de evitar a criação de várias automações filho.
Depois que Emily revisar as ações de automação disponíveis, ela determinará que pode melhorar sua solução usando o `aws:executeScript` para executar seus scripts Python personalizados. Ela agora começa a criar o conteúdo para o runbook da seguinte forma:
1. Primeiro, ela fornece valores para o esquema e a descrição do runbook e define os parâmetros de entrada para o runbook pai.
Utilizando o parâmetro `AutomationAssumeRole`, Emily e seus colegas podem usar uma função do IAM existente que permite que o Automation realize ações no runbook em seu nome. Ao contrário do [Exemplo 1](automation-authoring-runbooks-parent-child-example.md), o parâmetro `AutomationAssumeRole` agora é necessário e não opcional. Como este runbook inclui ações `aws:executeScript`, uma função de serviço (IAM) AWS Identity and Access Management (ou função assumida) será sempre necessária. Este requisito é necessário porque alguns dos scripts Python especificados para as ações chamam as operações de API da AWS.
Emily usa os parâmetros `PrimaryPatchGroupTag` e `SecondaryPatchGroupTag` para especificar as tags associadas ao grupo secundário de instâncias de banco de dados que será corrigido. Para simplificar os parâmetros de entrada necessários, ela decide usar os parâmetros `StringMap` em vez de usar vários parâmetros `String` como ela usou no runbook de Exemplo 1. Opcionalmente, os parâmetros `Operation`, `RebootOption` e `SnapshotId` podem ser usados para fornecer valores para documentar os parâmetros para `AWS-RunPatchBaseline`. Para evitar que valores inválidos sejam fornecidos a esses parâmetros do documento, ela define a propriedade `allowedValues` conforme necessário.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: '(Required) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
PrimaryPatchGroupTag:
type: StringMap
description: '(Required) The tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {"key" : "value"}'
SecondaryPatchGroupTag:
type: StringMap
description: '(Required) The tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {"key" : "value"}'
SnapshotId:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
default: ''
RebootOption:
type: String
description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
allowedValues:
- NoReboot
- RebootIfNeeded
default: RebootIfNeeded
Operation:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
allowedValues:
- Install
- Scan
default: Install
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
"schemaVersion":"0.3",
"assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
"parameters":{
"AutomationAssumeRole":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Required) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook."
},
"PrimaryPatchGroupTag":{
"type":"StringMap",
"description":"(Required) The tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {\"key\" : \"value\"}"
},
"SecondaryPatchGroupTag":{
"type":"StringMap",
"description":"(Required) The tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {\"key\" : \"value\"}"
},
"SnapshotId":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
"default":""
},
"RebootOption":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
"allowedValues":[
"NoReboot",
"RebootIfNeeded"
],
"default":"RebootIfNeeded"
},
"Operation":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
"allowedValues":[
"Install",
"Scan"
],
"default":"Install"
}
}
},
```
------
1. Com os elementos de nível superior definidos, Emily prossegue com a criação das ações que compõem as `mainSteps` do runbook. A primeira etapa reúne os IDs de todas as instâncias associadas à tag especificada no parâmetro `PrimaryPatchGroupTag` e resulta em um parâmetro `StringMap` que contém o ID de instância e o estado atual da instância. A saída desta ação é usada em ações posteriores.
Observe que o parâmetro de entrada do `script` é compatível com runbooks JSON. Os runbooks JSON devem fornecer conteúdo de script usando o parâmetro de entrada do `attachment`.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
mainSteps:
- name: getPrimaryInstanceState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: getInstanceStates
InputPayload:
primaryTag: '{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def getInstanceStates(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
tag = events['primaryTag']
tagKey, tagValue = list(tag.items())[0]
instanceQuery = ec2.describe_instances(
Filters=[
{
"Name": "tag:" + tagKey,
"Values": [tagValue]
}]
)
if not instanceQuery['Reservations']:
noInstancesForTagString = "No instances found for specified tag."
return({ 'noInstancesFound' : noInstancesForTagString })
else:
queryResponse = instanceQuery['Reservations']
originalInstanceStates = {}
for results in queryResponse:
instanceSet = results['Instances']
for instance in instanceSet:
instanceId = instance['InstanceId']
originalInstanceStates[instanceId] = instance['State']['Name']
return originalInstanceStates
outputs:
- Name: originalInstanceStates
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
nextStep: verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
"mainSteps":[
{
"name":"getPrimaryInstanceState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"getInstanceStates",
"InputPayload":{
"primaryTag":"{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"originalInstanceStates",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
}
],
"nextStep":"verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning"
},
```
------
1. Emily usa o resultado da ação anterior em outra ação do `aws:executeScript` para verificar se todas as ocorrências associadas à tag especificada no parâmetro `PrimaryPatchGroupTag` estão em um estado `running`.
Se o estado da instância já for `running` ou `shutting-down`, o script continua a percorrer as instâncias restantes.
Se o estado da instância for `stopping`, o script sonda para que a instância atinja o estado `stopped` e inicie a instância.
Se o estado da instância for `stopped`, o script inicia a instância.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
- name: verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: verifyInstancesRunning
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def verifyInstancesRunning(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopped. The instance will now be started.")
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
elif instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopping. Polling for instance to reach stopped state.")
while instanceDict[instance] != 'stopped':
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_stopped')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
nextStep: waitForPrimaryRunningInstances
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"name":"verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"verifyInstancesRunning",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"waitForPrimaryRunningInstances"
},
```
------
1. Emily verifica se todas as instâncias associadas com a tag especificada no parâmetro `PrimaryPatchGroupTag` foram iniciadas ou já estão em um estado `running`. Ele então usa outro script para verificar se todas as instâncias, incluindo aquelas que foram iniciadas na ação anterior, atingiram o estado `running`.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
- name: waitForPrimaryRunningInstances
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 300
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: waitForRunningInstances
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def waitForRunningInstances(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_running')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
nextStep: returnPrimaryTagKey
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"name":"waitForPrimaryRunningInstances",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":300,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"waitForRunningInstances",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"returnPrimaryTagKey"
},
```
------
1. Emily usa mais dois scripts para retornar valores `String` individuais da chave e valor da tag especificada no parâmetro `PrimaryPatchGroupTag`. Os valores retornados por essas ações permitem que ela forneça valores diretamente ao parâmetro `Targets` do documento `AWS-RunPatchBaseline`. A automação prossegue então com a aplicação do patch na instância com o documento `AWS-RunPatchBaseline` usando a ação `aws:runCommand`.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
- name: returnPrimaryTagKey
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
primaryTag: '{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['primaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
stringKey = "tag:" + tagKey
return {'tagKey' : stringKey}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: primaryPatchGroupKey
Selector: $.Payload.tagKey
Type: String
nextStep: returnPrimaryTagValue
- name: returnPrimaryTagValue
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
primaryTag: '{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['primaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
tagValue = tag[tagKey]
return {'tagValue' : tagValue}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: primaryPatchGroupValue
Selector: $.Payload.tagValue
Type: String
nextStep: patchPrimaryInstances
- name: patchPrimaryInstances
action: 'aws:runCommand'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPatchBaseline
Parameters:
SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
Operation: '{{Operation}}'
Targets:
- Key: '{{returnPrimaryTagKey.primaryPatchGroupKey}}'
Values:
- '{{returnPrimaryTagValue.primaryPatchGroupValue}}'
MaxConcurrency: 10%
MaxErrors: 10%
nextStep: returnPrimaryToOriginalState
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"name":"returnPrimaryTagKey",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"primaryTag":"{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"primaryPatchGroupKey",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagKey",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"returnPrimaryTagValue"
},
{
"name":"returnPrimaryTagValue",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"primaryTag":"{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"primaryPatchGroupValue",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagValue",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"patchPrimaryInstances"
},
{
"name":"patchPrimaryInstances",
"action":"aws:runCommand",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
"Parameters":{
"SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
"RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
"Operation":"{{Operation}}"
},
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"{{returnPrimaryTagKey.primaryPatchGroupKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{returnPrimaryTagValue.primaryPatchGroupValue}}"
]
}
],
"MaxConcurrency":"10%",
"MaxErrors":"10%"
},
"nextStep":"returnPrimaryToOriginalState"
},
```
------
1. Após a conclusão da operação de patch, Emily deseja que a automação retorne as instâncias de destino associadas à tag especificada no parâmetro `PrimaryPatchGroupTag` para o mesmo estado em que estavam antes da automação ser iniciada. Ela faz isso usando novamente a saída da primeira ação em um script. Com base no estado original da instância de destino, se a instância estava anteriormente em qualquer estado diferente de `running`, ela é interrompida. Caso contrário, se o estado da instância for `running` o script continuará a percorrer as instâncias restantes.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
- name: returnPrimaryToOriginalState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnToOriginalState
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def returnToOriginalState(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped' or instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
ec2.stop_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
nextStep: getSecondaryInstanceState
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"name":"returnPrimaryToOriginalState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnToOriginalState",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"getSecondaryInstanceState"
},
```
------
1. A operação de patch é concluída para as instâncias associadas à tag especificada no parâmetro `PrimaryPatchGroupTag`. Agora, Emily duplica todas as ações anteriores em seu conteúdo do runbook para direcionar as instâncias associadas à tag especificada no parâmetro `SecondaryPatchGroupTag`.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
- name: getSecondaryInstanceState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: getInstanceStates
InputPayload:
secondaryTag: '{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def getInstanceStates(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
tag = events['secondaryTag']
tagKey, tagValue = list(tag.items())[0]
instanceQuery = ec2.describe_instances(
Filters=[
{
"Name": "tag:" + tagKey,
"Values": [tagValue]
}]
)
if not instanceQuery['Reservations']:
noInstancesForTagString = "No instances found for specified tag."
return({ 'noInstancesFound' : noInstancesForTagString })
else:
queryResponse = instanceQuery['Reservations']
originalInstanceStates = {}
for results in queryResponse:
instanceSet = results['Instances']
for instance in instanceSet:
instanceId = instance['InstanceId']
originalInstanceStates[instanceId] = instance['State']['Name']
return originalInstanceStates
outputs:
- Name: originalInstanceStates
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
nextStep: verifySecondaryInstancesRunning
- name: verifySecondaryInstancesRunning
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: verifyInstancesRunning
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def verifyInstancesRunning(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopped. The instance will now be started.")
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
elif instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopping. Polling for instance to reach stopped state.")
while instanceDict[instance] != 'stopped':
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_stopped')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
nextStep: waitForSecondaryRunningInstances
- name: waitForSecondaryRunningInstances
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 300
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: waitForRunningInstances
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def waitForRunningInstances(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_running')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
nextStep: returnSecondaryTagKey
- name: returnSecondaryTagKey
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
secondaryTag: '{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['secondaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
stringKey = "tag:" + tagKey
return {'tagKey' : stringKey}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: secondaryPatchGroupKey
Selector: $.Payload.tagKey
Type: String
nextStep: returnSecondaryTagValue
- name: returnSecondaryTagValue
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
secondaryTag: '{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['secondaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
tagValue = tag[tagKey]
return {'tagValue' : tagValue}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: secondaryPatchGroupValue
Selector: $.Payload.tagValue
Type: String
nextStep: patchSecondaryInstances
- name: patchSecondaryInstances
action: 'aws:runCommand'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPatchBaseline
Parameters:
SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
Operation: '{{Operation}}'
Targets:
- Key: '{{returnSecondaryTagKey.secondaryPatchGroupKey}}'
Values:
- '{{returnSecondaryTagValue.secondaryPatchGroupValue}}'
MaxConcurrency: 10%
MaxErrors: 10%
nextStep: returnSecondaryToOriginalState
- name: returnSecondaryToOriginalState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnToOriginalState
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def returnToOriginalState(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped' or instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
ec2.stop_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"name":"getSecondaryInstanceState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"getInstanceStates",
"InputPayload":{
"secondaryTag":"{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"originalInstanceStates",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
}
],
"nextStep":"verifySecondaryInstancesRunning"
},
{
"name":"verifySecondaryInstancesRunning",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"verifyInstancesRunning",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"waitForSecondaryRunningInstances"
},
{
"name":"waitForSecondaryRunningInstances",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":300,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"waitForRunningInstances",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"returnSecondaryTagKey"
},
{
"name":"returnSecondaryTagKey",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"secondaryTag":"{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"secondaryPatchGroupKey",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagKey",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"returnSecondaryTagValue"
},
{
"name":"returnSecondaryTagValue",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"secondaryTag":"{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"secondaryPatchGroupValue",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagValue",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"patchSecondaryInstances"
},
{
"name":"patchSecondaryInstances",
"action":"aws:runCommand",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
"Parameters":{
"SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
"RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
"Operation":"{{Operation}}"
},
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"{{returnSecondaryTagKey.secondaryPatchGroupKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{returnSecondaryTagValue.secondaryPatchGroupValue}}"
]
}
],
"MaxConcurrency":"10%",
"MaxErrors":"10%"
},
"nextStep":"returnSecondaryToOriginalState"
},
{
"name":"returnSecondaryToOriginalState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnToOriginalState",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
}
}
]
}
```
------
1. Emily analisa o conteúdo do runbook com script concluído e cria o runbook na mesma Conta da AWS e Região da AWS das instâncias de destino. Agora ela está pronta para testar seu runbook para garantir que a automação funcione conforme desejado antes de implementá-la em seu ambiente de produção. Abaixo está o conteúdo do runbook com script concluído.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
description: An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: '(Required) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
PrimaryPatchGroupTag:
type: StringMap
description: '(Required) The tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {"key" : "value"}'
SecondaryPatchGroupTag:
type: StringMap
description: '(Required) The tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {"key" : "value"}'
SnapshotId:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
default: ''
RebootOption:
type: String
description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
allowedValues:
- NoReboot
- RebootIfNeeded
default: RebootIfNeeded
Operation:
type: String
description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
allowedValues:
- Install
- Scan
default: Install
mainSteps:
- name: getPrimaryInstanceState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: getInstanceStates
InputPayload:
primaryTag: '{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def getInstanceStates(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
tag = events['primaryTag']
tagKey, tagValue = list(tag.items())[0]
instanceQuery = ec2.describe_instances(
Filters=[
{
"Name": "tag:" + tagKey,
"Values": [tagValue]
}]
)
if not instanceQuery['Reservations']:
noInstancesForTagString = "No instances found for specified tag."
return({ 'noInstancesFound' : noInstancesForTagString })
else:
queryResponse = instanceQuery['Reservations']
originalInstanceStates = {}
for results in queryResponse:
instanceSet = results['Instances']
for instance in instanceSet:
instanceId = instance['InstanceId']
originalInstanceStates[instanceId] = instance['State']['Name']
return originalInstanceStates
outputs:
- Name: originalInstanceStates
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
nextStep: verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning
- name: verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: verifyInstancesRunning
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def verifyInstancesRunning(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopped. The instance will now be started.")
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
elif instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopping. Polling for instance to reach stopped state.")
while instanceDict[instance] != 'stopped':
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_stopped')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
nextStep: waitForPrimaryRunningInstances
- name: waitForPrimaryRunningInstances
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 300
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: waitForRunningInstances
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def waitForRunningInstances(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_running')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
nextStep: returnPrimaryTagKey
- name: returnPrimaryTagKey
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
primaryTag: '{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['primaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
stringKey = "tag:" + tagKey
return {'tagKey' : stringKey}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: primaryPatchGroupKey
Selector: $.Payload.tagKey
Type: String
nextStep: returnPrimaryTagValue
- name: returnPrimaryTagValue
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
primaryTag: '{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['primaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
tagValue = tag[tagKey]
return {'tagValue' : tagValue}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: primaryPatchGroupValue
Selector: $.Payload.tagValue
Type: String
nextStep: patchPrimaryInstances
- name: patchPrimaryInstances
action: 'aws:runCommand'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPatchBaseline
Parameters:
SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
Operation: '{{Operation}}'
Targets:
- Key: '{{returnPrimaryTagKey.primaryPatchGroupKey}}'
Values:
- '{{returnPrimaryTagValue.primaryPatchGroupValue}}'
MaxConcurrency: 10%
MaxErrors: 10%
nextStep: returnPrimaryToOriginalState
- name: returnPrimaryToOriginalState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnToOriginalState
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def returnToOriginalState(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped' or instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
ec2.stop_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
nextStep: getSecondaryInstanceState
- name: getSecondaryInstanceState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: getInstanceStates
InputPayload:
secondaryTag: '{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def getInstanceStates(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
tag = events['secondaryTag']
tagKey, tagValue = list(tag.items())[0]
instanceQuery = ec2.describe_instances(
Filters=[
{
"Name": "tag:" + tagKey,
"Values": [tagValue]
}]
)
if not instanceQuery['Reservations']:
noInstancesForTagString = "No instances found for specified tag."
return({ 'noInstancesFound' : noInstancesForTagString })
else:
queryResponse = instanceQuery['Reservations']
originalInstanceStates = {}
for results in queryResponse:
instanceSet = results['Instances']
for instance in instanceSet:
instanceId = instance['InstanceId']
originalInstanceStates[instanceId] = instance['State']['Name']
return originalInstanceStates
outputs:
- Name: originalInstanceStates
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
nextStep: verifySecondaryInstancesRunning
- name: verifySecondaryInstancesRunning
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: verifyInstancesRunning
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def verifyInstancesRunning(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopped. The instance will now be started.")
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
elif instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
print("The target instance " + instance + " is stopping. Polling for instance to reach stopped state.")
while instanceDict[instance] != 'stopped':
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_stopped')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
ec2.start_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
nextStep: waitForSecondaryRunningInstances
- name: waitForSecondaryRunningInstances
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 300
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: waitForRunningInstances
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def waitForRunningInstances(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
poll = ec2.get_waiter('instance_running')
poll.wait(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
nextStep: returnSecondaryTagKey
- name: returnSecondaryTagKey
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
secondaryTag: '{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['secondaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
stringKey = "tag:" + tagKey
return {'tagKey' : stringKey}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: secondaryPatchGroupKey
Selector: $.Payload.tagKey
Type: String
nextStep: returnSecondaryTagValue
- name: returnSecondaryTagValue
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 120
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnTagValues
InputPayload:
secondaryTag: '{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}'
Script: |-
def returnTagValues(events,context):
tag = events['secondaryTag']
tagKey = list(tag)[0]
tagValue = tag[tagKey]
return {'tagValue' : tagValue}
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: secondaryPatchGroupValue
Selector: $.Payload.tagValue
Type: String
nextStep: patchSecondaryInstances
- name: patchSecondaryInstances
action: 'aws:runCommand'
onFailure: Abort
timeoutSeconds: 7200
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPatchBaseline
Parameters:
SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
Operation: '{{Operation}}'
Targets:
- Key: '{{returnSecondaryTagKey.secondaryPatchGroupKey}}'
Values:
- '{{returnSecondaryTagValue.secondaryPatchGroupValue}}'
MaxConcurrency: 10%
MaxErrors: 10%
nextStep: returnSecondaryToOriginalState
- name: returnSecondaryToOriginalState
action: 'aws:executeScript'
timeoutSeconds: 600
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: returnToOriginalState
InputPayload:
targetInstances: '{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}'
Script: |-
def returnToOriginalState(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
instanceDict = events['targetInstances']
for instance in instanceDict:
if instanceDict[instance] == 'stopped' or instanceDict[instance] == 'stopping':
ec2.stop_instances(
InstanceIds=[instance]
)
else:
pass
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
"schemaVersion":"0.3",
"assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
"parameters":{
"AutomationAssumeRole":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Required) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook."
},
"PrimaryPatchGroupTag":{
"type":"StringMap",
"description":"(Required) The tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {\"key\" : \"value\"}"
},
"SecondaryPatchGroupTag":{
"type":"StringMap",
"description":"(Required) The tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch. Specify a key-value pair. Example: {\"key\" : \"value\"}"
},
"SnapshotId":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
"default":""
},
"RebootOption":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
"allowedValues":[
"NoReboot",
"RebootIfNeeded"
],
"default":"RebootIfNeeded"
},
"Operation":{
"type":"String",
"description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
"allowedValues":[
"Install",
"Scan"
],
"default":"Install"
}
},
"mainSteps":[
{
"name":"getPrimaryInstanceState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"getInstanceStates",
"InputPayload":{
"primaryTag":"{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"originalInstanceStates",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
}
],
"nextStep":"verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning"
},
{
"name":"verifyPrimaryInstancesRunning",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"verifyInstancesRunning",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"waitForPrimaryRunningInstances"
},
{
"name":"waitForPrimaryRunningInstances",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":300,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"waitForRunningInstances",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"returnPrimaryTagKey"
},
{
"name":"returnPrimaryTagKey",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"primaryTag":"{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"primaryPatchGroupKey",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagKey",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"returnPrimaryTagValue"
},
{
"name":"returnPrimaryTagValue",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"primaryTag":"{{PrimaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"primaryPatchGroupValue",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagValue",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"patchPrimaryInstances"
},
{
"name":"patchPrimaryInstances",
"action":"aws:runCommand",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
"Parameters":{
"SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
"RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
"Operation":"{{Operation}}"
},
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"{{returnPrimaryTagKey.primaryPatchGroupKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{returnPrimaryTagValue.primaryPatchGroupValue}}"
]
}
],
"MaxConcurrency":"10%",
"MaxErrors":"10%"
},
"nextStep":"returnPrimaryToOriginalState"
},
{
"name":"returnPrimaryToOriginalState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnToOriginalState",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getPrimaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"getSecondaryInstanceState"
},
{
"name":"getSecondaryInstanceState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"getInstanceStates",
"InputPayload":{
"secondaryTag":"{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"originalInstanceStates",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
}
],
"nextStep":"verifySecondaryInstancesRunning"
},
{
"name":"verifySecondaryInstancesRunning",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"verifyInstancesRunning",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"waitForSecondaryRunningInstances"
},
{
"name":"waitForSecondaryRunningInstances",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":300,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"waitForRunningInstances",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"nextStep":"returnSecondaryTagKey"
},
{
"name":"returnSecondaryTagKey",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"secondaryTag":"{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"secondaryPatchGroupKey",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagKey",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"returnSecondaryTagValue"
},
{
"name":"returnSecondaryTagValue",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":120,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnTagValues",
"InputPayload":{
"secondaryTag":"{{SecondaryPatchGroupTag}}"
},
"Script":"..."
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name":"Payload",
"Selector":"$.Payload",
"Type":"StringMap"
},
{
"Name":"secondaryPatchGroupValue",
"Selector":"$.Payload.tagValue",
"Type":"String"
}
],
"nextStep":"patchSecondaryInstances"
},
{
"name":"patchSecondaryInstances",
"action":"aws:runCommand",
"onFailure":"Abort",
"timeoutSeconds":7200,
"inputs":{
"DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
"Parameters":{
"SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
"RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
"Operation":"{{Operation}}"
},
"Targets":[
{
"Key":"{{returnSecondaryTagKey.secondaryPatchGroupKey}}",
"Values":[
"{{returnSecondaryTagValue.secondaryPatchGroupValue}}"
]
}
],
"MaxConcurrency":"10%",
"MaxErrors":"10%"
},
"nextStep":"returnSecondaryToOriginalState"
},
{
"name":"returnSecondaryToOriginalState",
"action":"aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds":600,
"onFailure":"Abort",
"inputs":{
"Runtime":"python3.11",
"Handler":"returnToOriginalState",
"InputPayload":{
"targetInstances":"{{getSecondaryInstanceState.originalInstanceStates}}"
},
"Script":"..."
}
}
]
}
```
------
Para obter mais informações sobre as ações de automação usadas neste exemplo, consulte a [Referência de ações do Systems Manager Automation](automation-actions.md).
# Exemplos adicionais de runbook
Os runbooks de exemplo a seguir demonstram como é possível usar as ações de automação do AWS Systems Manager para automatizar tarefas comuns de implantação, solução de problemas e manutenção.
**nota**
Os exemplos de runbooks nesta seção são fornecidos para demonstrar como é possível criar runbooks personalizados para oferecer suporte às suas necessidades operacionais específicas. Esses documentos não se destinam ao uso em ambientes de produção como estão. No entanto, você pode personalizá-los para seu próprio uso.
**Topics**
+ [Implantar a arquitetura da VPC e os controles de domínio do Microsoft Active Directory](automation-document-architecture-deployment-example.md)
+ [Restaurar um volume raiz do snapshot mais recente](automation-document-instance-recovery-example.md)
+ [Crie uma AMI e uma cópia entre regiões](automation-document-backup-maintenance-example.md)
# Implantar a arquitetura da VPC e os controles de domínio do Microsoft Active Directory
Para aumentar a eficiência e padronizar tarefas comuns, é possível optar por automatizar implantações. Isso é útil se você implantar regularmente a mesma arquitetura em várias contas e Regiões da AWS. A automatização de implantações de arquitetura também pode reduzir o potencial de erro humano que pode ocorrer ao implantar a arquitetura manualmente. AWS Systems Manager As ações do Automation podem ajudar você a fazer isso. O Automation é uma ferramenta do AWS Systems Manager.
O runbook AWS Systems Manager do exemplo a seguir realiza estas ações:
+ Recupera a Amazon Machine Image (AMI) mais recente do Windows Server 2016 usando o Parameter Store do Systems Manager para usar ao executar as instâncias do EC2 que serão configuradas como controladores de domínio. O Parameter Store é uma ferramenta do AWS Systems Manager.
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:executeAwsApi` para chamar várias operações da API da AWS para criar a arquitetura da VPC. As instâncias do controlador de domínio são executadas em sub-redes privadas e se conectam à Internet usando um gateway NAT. Isso permite que o SSM Agent nas instâncias acessem os endpoints do Systems Manager necessários.
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty` para confirmar se as instâncias executadas pela ação anterior estão `Online` para o AWS Systems Manager.
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:runCommand` para configurar as instâncias executadas como controles de domínio do Microsoft Active Directory.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
---
description: Custom Automation Deployment Example
schemaVersion: '0.3'
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
default: ''
description: >-
(Optional) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform the
actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager
Automation uses your IAM permissions to run this runbook.
mainSteps:
- name: getLatestWindowsAmi
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ssm
Api: GetParameter
Name: >-
/aws/service/ami-windows-latest/Windows_Server-2016-English-Full-Base
outputs:
- Name: amiId
Selector: $.Parameter.Value
Type: String
nextStep: createSSMInstanceRole
- name: createSSMInstanceRole
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: iam
Api: CreateRole
AssumeRolePolicyDocument: >-
{"Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement":[{"Effect":"Allow","Principal":{"Service":["ec2.amazonaws.com"]},"Action":["sts:AssumeRole"]}]}
RoleName: sampleSSMInstanceRole
nextStep: attachManagedSSMPolicy
- name: attachManagedSSMPolicy
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: iam
Api: AttachRolePolicy
PolicyArn: 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore'
RoleName: sampleSSMInstanceRole
nextStep: createSSMInstanceProfile
- name: createSSMInstanceProfile
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: iam
Api: CreateInstanceProfile
InstanceProfileName: sampleSSMInstanceRole
outputs:
- Name: instanceProfileArn
Selector: $.InstanceProfile.Arn
Type: String
nextStep: addSSMInstanceRoleToProfile
- name: addSSMInstanceRoleToProfile
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: iam
Api: AddRoleToInstanceProfile
InstanceProfileName: sampleSSMInstanceRole
RoleName: sampleSSMInstanceRole
nextStep: createVpc
- name: createVpc
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateVpc
CidrBlock: 10.0.100.0/22
outputs:
- Name: vpcId
Selector: $.Vpc.VpcId
Type: String
nextStep: getMainRtb
- name: getMainRtb
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeRouteTables
Filters:
- Name: vpc-id
Values:
- '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
outputs:
- Name: mainRtbId
Selector: '$.RouteTables[0].RouteTableId'
Type: String
nextStep: verifyMainRtb
- name: verifyMainRtb
action: aws:assertAwsResourceProperty
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeRouteTables
RouteTableIds:
- '{{ getMainRtb.mainRtbId }}'
PropertySelector: '$.RouteTables[0].Associations[0].Main'
DesiredValues:
- 'True'
nextStep: createPubSubnet
- name: createPubSubnet
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateSubnet
CidrBlock: 10.0.103.0/24
AvailabilityZone: us-west-2c
VpcId: '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
outputs:
- Name: pubSubnetId
Selector: $.Subnet.SubnetId
Type: String
nextStep: createPubRtb
- name: createPubRtb
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateRouteTable
VpcId: '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
outputs:
- Name: pubRtbId
Selector: $.RouteTable.RouteTableId
Type: String
nextStep: createIgw
- name: createIgw
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateInternetGateway
outputs:
- Name: igwId
Selector: $.InternetGateway.InternetGatewayId
Type: String
nextStep: attachIgw
- name: attachIgw
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: AttachInternetGateway
InternetGatewayId: '{{ createIgw.igwId }}'
VpcId: '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
nextStep: allocateEip
- name: allocateEip
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: AllocateAddress
Domain: vpc
outputs:
- Name: eipAllocationId
Selector: $.AllocationId
Type: String
nextStep: createNatGw
- name: createNatGw
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateNatGateway
AllocationId: '{{ allocateEip.eipAllocationId }}'
SubnetId: '{{ createPubSubnet.pubSubnetId }}'
outputs:
- Name: natGwId
Selector: $.NatGateway.NatGatewayId
Type: String
nextStep: verifyNatGwAvailable
- name: verifyNatGwAvailable
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
timeoutSeconds: 150
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeNatGateways
NatGatewayIds:
- '{{ createNatGw.natGwId }}'
PropertySelector: '$.NatGateways[0].State'
DesiredValues:
- available
nextStep: createNatRoute
- name: createNatRoute
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateRoute
DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
NatGatewayId: '{{ createNatGw.natGwId }}'
RouteTableId: '{{ getMainRtb.mainRtbId }}'
nextStep: createPubRoute
- name: createPubRoute
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateRoute
DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
GatewayId: '{{ createIgw.igwId }}'
RouteTableId: '{{ createPubRtb.pubRtbId }}'
nextStep: setPubSubAssoc
- name: setPubSubAssoc
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: AssociateRouteTable
RouteTableId: '{{ createPubRtb.pubRtbId }}'
SubnetId: '{{ createPubSubnet.pubSubnetId }}'
- name: createDhcpOptions
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateDhcpOptions
DhcpConfigurations:
- Key: domain-name-servers
Values:
- '10.0.100.50,10.0.101.50'
- Key: domain-name
Values:
- sample.com
outputs:
- Name: dhcpOptionsId
Selector: $.DhcpOptions.DhcpOptionsId
Type: String
nextStep: createDCSubnet1
- name: createDCSubnet1
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateSubnet
CidrBlock: 10.0.100.0/24
AvailabilityZone: us-west-2a
VpcId: '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
outputs:
- Name: firstSubnetId
Selector: $.Subnet.SubnetId
Type: String
nextStep: createDCSubnet2
- name: createDCSubnet2
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateSubnet
CidrBlock: 10.0.101.0/24
AvailabilityZone: us-west-2b
VpcId: '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
outputs:
- Name: secondSubnetId
Selector: $.Subnet.SubnetId
Type: String
nextStep: createDCSecGroup
- name: createDCSecGroup
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateSecurityGroup
GroupName: SampleDCSecGroup
Description: Security Group for Sample Domain Controllers
VpcId: '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
outputs:
- Name: dcSecGroupId
Selector: $.GroupId
Type: String
nextStep: authIngressDCTraffic
- name: authIngressDCTraffic
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress
GroupId: '{{ createDCSecGroup.dcSecGroupId }}'
IpPermissions:
- FromPort: -1
IpProtocol: '-1'
IpRanges:
- CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0
Description: Allow all traffic between Domain Controllers
nextStep: verifyInstanceProfile
- name: verifyInstanceProfile
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
maxAttempts: 5
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: iam
Api: ListInstanceProfilesForRole
RoleName: sampleSSMInstanceRole
PropertySelector: '$.InstanceProfiles[0].Arn'
DesiredValues:
- '{{ createSSMInstanceProfile.instanceProfileArn }}'
nextStep: iamEventualConsistency
- name: iamEventualConsistency
action: aws:sleep
inputs:
Duration: PT2M
nextStep: launchDC1
- name: launchDC1
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: RunInstances
BlockDeviceMappings:
- DeviceName: /dev/sda1
Ebs:
DeleteOnTermination: true
VolumeSize: 50
VolumeType: gp2
- DeviceName: xvdf
Ebs:
DeleteOnTermination: true
VolumeSize: 100
VolumeType: gp2
IamInstanceProfile:
Arn: '{{ createSSMInstanceProfile.instanceProfileArn }}'
ImageId: '{{ getLatestWindowsAmi.amiId }}'
InstanceType: t2.micro
MaxCount: 1
MinCount: 1
PrivateIpAddress: 10.0.100.50
SecurityGroupIds:
- '{{ createDCSecGroup.dcSecGroupId }}'
SubnetId: '{{ createDCSubnet1.firstSubnetId }}'
TagSpecifications:
- ResourceType: instance
Tags:
- Key: Name
Value: SampleDC1
outputs:
- Name: pdcInstanceId
Selector: '$.Instances[0].InstanceId'
Type: String
nextStep: launchDC2
- name: launchDC2
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: RunInstances
BlockDeviceMappings:
- DeviceName: /dev/sda1
Ebs:
DeleteOnTermination: true
VolumeSize: 50
VolumeType: gp2
- DeviceName: xvdf
Ebs:
DeleteOnTermination: true
VolumeSize: 100
VolumeType: gp2
IamInstanceProfile:
Arn: '{{ createSSMInstanceProfile.instanceProfileArn }}'
ImageId: '{{ getLatestWindowsAmi.amiId }}'
InstanceType: t2.micro
MaxCount: 1
MinCount: 1
PrivateIpAddress: 10.0.101.50
SecurityGroupIds:
- '{{ createDCSecGroup.dcSecGroupId }}'
SubnetId: '{{ createDCSubnet2.secondSubnetId }}'
TagSpecifications:
- ResourceType: instance
Tags:
- Key: Name
Value: SampleDC2
outputs:
- Name: adcInstanceId
Selector: '$.Instances[0].InstanceId'
Type: String
nextStep: verifyDCInstanceState
- name: verifyDCInstanceState
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstanceStatus
IncludeAllInstances: true
InstanceIds:
- '{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}'
- '{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}'
PropertySelector: '$.InstanceStatuses..InstanceState.Name'
DesiredValues:
- running
nextStep: verifyInstancesOnlineSSM
- name: verifyInstancesOnlineSSM
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
timeoutSeconds: 600
inputs:
Service: ssm
Api: DescribeInstanceInformation
InstanceInformationFilterList:
- key: InstanceIds
valueSet:
- '{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}'
- '{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}'
PropertySelector: '$.InstanceInformationList..PingStatus'
DesiredValues:
- Online
nextStep: installADRoles
- name: installADRoles
action: aws:runCommand
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPowerShellScript
InstanceIds:
- '{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}'
- '{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}'
Parameters:
commands: |-
try {
Install-WindowsFeature -Name AD-Domain-Services -IncludeManagementTools
}
catch {
Write-Error "Failed to install ADDS Role."
}
nextStep: setAdminPassword
- name: setAdminPassword
action: aws:runCommand
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPowerShellScript
InstanceIds:
- '{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}'
Parameters:
commands:
- net user Administrator "sampleAdminPass123!"
nextStep: createForest
- name: createForest
action: aws:runCommand
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPowerShellScript
InstanceIds:
- '{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}'
Parameters:
commands: |-
$dsrmPass = 'sample123!' | ConvertTo-SecureString -asPlainText -Force
try {
Install-ADDSForest -DomainName "sample.com" -DomainMode 6 -ForestMode 6 -InstallDNS -DatabasePath "D:\NTDS" -SysvolPath "D:\SYSVOL" -SafeModeAdministratorPassword $dsrmPass -Force
}
catch {
Write-Error $_
}
try {
Add-DnsServerForwarder -IPAddress "10.0.100.2"
}
catch {
Write-Error $_
}
nextStep: associateDhcpOptions
- name: associateDhcpOptions
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: AssociateDhcpOptions
DhcpOptionsId: '{{ createDhcpOptions.dhcpOptionsId }}'
VpcId: '{{ createVpc.vpcId }}'
nextStep: waitForADServices
- name: waitForADServices
action: aws:sleep
inputs:
Duration: PT1M
nextStep: promoteADC
- name: promoteADC
action: aws:runCommand
inputs:
DocumentName: AWS-RunPowerShellScript
InstanceIds:
- '{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}'
Parameters:
commands: |-
ipconfig /renew
$dsrmPass = 'sample123!' | ConvertTo-SecureString -asPlainText -Force
$domAdminUser = "sample\Administrator"
$domAdminPass = "sampleAdminPass123!" | ConvertTo-SecureString -asPlainText -Force
$domAdminCred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($domAdminUser,$domAdminPass)
try {
Install-ADDSDomainController -DomainName "sample.com" -InstallDNS -DatabasePath "D:\NTDS" -SysvolPath "D:\SYSVOL" -SafeModeAdministratorPassword $dsrmPass -Credential $domAdminCred -Force
}
catch {
Write-Error $_
}
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"description": "Custom Automation Deployment Example",
"schemaVersion": "0.3",
"assumeRole": "{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}",
"parameters": {
"AutomationAssumeRole": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Optional) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to run this runbook.",
"default": ""
}
},
"mainSteps": [
{
"name": "getLatestWindowsAmi",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ssm",
"Api": "GetParameter",
"Name": "/aws/service/ami-windows-latest/Windows_Server-2016-English-Full-Base"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "amiId",
"Selector": "$.Parameter.Value",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "createSSMInstanceRole"
},
{
"name": "createSSMInstanceRole",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "iam",
"Api": "CreateRole",
"AssumeRolePolicyDocument": "{\"Version\":\"2012-10-17\",\"Statement\":[{\"Effect\":\"Allow\",\"Principal\":{\"Service\":[\"ec2.amazonaws.com\"]},\"Action\":[\"sts:AssumeRole\"]}]}",
"RoleName": "sampleSSMInstanceRole"
},
"nextStep": "attachManagedSSMPolicy"
},
{
"name": "attachManagedSSMPolicy",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "iam",
"Api": "AttachRolePolicy",
"PolicyArn": "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore",
"RoleName": "sampleSSMInstanceRole"
},
"nextStep": "createSSMInstanceProfile"
},
{
"name": "createSSMInstanceProfile",
"action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "iam",
"Api": "CreateInstanceProfile",
"InstanceProfileName": "sampleSSMInstanceRole"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "instanceProfileArn",
"Selector": "$.InstanceProfile.Arn",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "addSSMInstanceRoleToProfile"
},
{
"name": "addSSMInstanceRoleToProfile",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "iam",
"Api": "AddRoleToInstanceProfile",
"InstanceProfileName": "sampleSSMInstanceRole",
"RoleName": "sampleSSMInstanceRole"
},
"nextStep": "createVpc"
},
{
"name": "createVpc",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateVpc",
"CidrBlock": "10.0.100.0/22"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "vpcId",
"Selector": "$.Vpc.VpcId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "getMainRtb"
},
{
"name": "getMainRtb",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeRouteTables",
"Filters": [
{
"Name": "vpc-id",
"Values": ["{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"]
}
]
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "mainRtbId",
"Selector": "$.RouteTables[0].RouteTableId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "verifyMainRtb"
},
{
"name": "verifyMainRtb",
"action": "aws:assertAwsResourceProperty",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeRouteTables",
"RouteTableIds": ["{{ getMainRtb.mainRtbId }}"],
"PropertySelector": "$.RouteTables[0].Associations[0].Main",
"DesiredValues": ["True"]
},
"nextStep": "createPubSubnet"
},
{
"name": "createPubSubnet",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateSubnet",
"CidrBlock": "10.0.103.0/24",
"AvailabilityZone": "us-west-2c",
"VpcId": "{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name": "pubSubnetId",
"Selector": "$.Subnet.SubnetId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "createPubRtb"
},
{
"name": "createPubRtb",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateRouteTable",
"VpcId": "{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "pubRtbId",
"Selector": "$.RouteTable.RouteTableId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "createIgw"
},
{
"name": "createIgw",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateInternetGateway"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "igwId",
"Selector": "$.InternetGateway.InternetGatewayId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "attachIgw"
},
{
"name": "attachIgw",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "AttachInternetGateway",
"InternetGatewayId": "{{ createIgw.igwId }}",
"VpcId": "{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"
},
"nextStep": "allocateEip"
},
{
"name": "allocateEip",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "AllocateAddress",
"Domain": "vpc"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "eipAllocationId",
"Selector": "$.AllocationId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "createNatGw"
},
{
"name": "createNatGw",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateNatGateway",
"AllocationId": "{{ allocateEip.eipAllocationId }}",
"SubnetId": "{{ createPubSubnet.pubSubnetId }}"
},
"outputs":[
{
"Name": "natGwId",
"Selector": "$.NatGateway.NatGatewayId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "verifyNatGwAvailable"
},
{
"name": "verifyNatGwAvailable",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds": 150,
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeNatGateways",
"NatGatewayIds": [
"{{ createNatGw.natGwId }}"
],
"PropertySelector": "$.NatGateways[0].State",
"DesiredValues": [
"available"
]
},
"nextStep": "createNatRoute"
},
{
"name": "createNatRoute",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateRoute",
"DestinationCidrBlock": "0.0.0.0/0",
"NatGatewayId": "{{ createNatGw.natGwId }}",
"RouteTableId": "{{ getMainRtb.mainRtbId }}"
},
"nextStep": "createPubRoute"
},
{
"name": "createPubRoute",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateRoute",
"DestinationCidrBlock": "0.0.0.0/0",
"GatewayId": "{{ createIgw.igwId }}",
"RouteTableId": "{{ createPubRtb.pubRtbId }}"
},
"nextStep": "setPubSubAssoc"
},
{
"name": "setPubSubAssoc",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "AssociateRouteTable",
"RouteTableId": "{{ createPubRtb.pubRtbId }}",
"SubnetId": "{{ createPubSubnet.pubSubnetId }}"
}
},
{
"name": "createDhcpOptions",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateDhcpOptions",
"DhcpConfigurations": [
{
"Key": "domain-name-servers",
"Values": ["10.0.100.50,10.0.101.50"]
},
{
"Key": "domain-name",
"Values": ["sample.com"]
}
]
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "dhcpOptionsId",
"Selector": "$.DhcpOptions.DhcpOptionsId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "createDCSubnet1"
},
{
"name": "createDCSubnet1",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateSubnet",
"CidrBlock": "10.0.100.0/24",
"AvailabilityZone": "us-west-2a",
"VpcId": "{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "firstSubnetId",
"Selector": "$.Subnet.SubnetId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "createDCSubnet2"
},
{
"name": "createDCSubnet2",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateSubnet",
"CidrBlock": "10.0.101.0/24",
"AvailabilityZone": "us-west-2b",
"VpcId": "{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "secondSubnetId",
"Selector": "$.Subnet.SubnetId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "createDCSecGroup"
},
{
"name": "createDCSecGroup",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateSecurityGroup",
"GroupName": "SampleDCSecGroup",
"Description": "Security Group for Example Domain Controllers",
"VpcId": "{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "dcSecGroupId",
"Selector": "$.GroupId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "authIngressDCTraffic"
},
{
"name": "authIngressDCTraffic",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress",
"GroupId": "{{ createDCSecGroup.dcSecGroupId }}",
"IpPermissions": [
{
"FromPort": -1,
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0",
"Description": "Allow all traffic between Domain Controllers"
}
]
}
]
},
"nextStep": "verifyInstanceProfile"
},
{
"name": "verifyInstanceProfile",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"maxAttempts": 5,
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "iam",
"Api": "ListInstanceProfilesForRole",
"RoleName": "sampleSSMInstanceRole",
"PropertySelector": "$.InstanceProfiles[0].Arn",
"DesiredValues": [
"{{ createSSMInstanceProfile.instanceProfileArn }}"
]
},
"nextStep": "iamEventualConsistency"
},
{
"name": "iamEventualConsistency",
"action": "aws:sleep",
"inputs": {
"Duration": "PT2M"
},
"nextStep": "launchDC1"
},
{
"name": "launchDC1",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "RunInstances",
"BlockDeviceMappings": [
{
"DeviceName": "/dev/sda1",
"Ebs": {
"DeleteOnTermination": true,
"VolumeSize": 50,
"VolumeType": "gp2"
}
},
{
"DeviceName": "xvdf",
"Ebs": {
"DeleteOnTermination": true,
"VolumeSize": 100,
"VolumeType": "gp2"
}
}
],
"IamInstanceProfile": {
"Arn": "{{ createSSMInstanceProfile.instanceProfileArn }}"
},
"ImageId": "{{ getLatestWindowsAmi.amiId }}",
"InstanceType": "t2.micro",
"MaxCount": 1,
"MinCount": 1,
"PrivateIpAddress": "10.0.100.50",
"SecurityGroupIds": [
"{{ createDCSecGroup.dcSecGroupId }}"
],
"SubnetId": "{{ createDCSubnet1.firstSubnetId }}",
"TagSpecifications": [
{
"ResourceType": "instance",
"Tags": [
{
"Key": "Name",
"Value": "SampleDC1"
}
]
}
]
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "pdcInstanceId",
"Selector": "$.Instances[0].InstanceId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "launchDC2"
},
{
"name": "launchDC2",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "RunInstances",
"BlockDeviceMappings": [
{
"DeviceName": "/dev/sda1",
"Ebs": {
"DeleteOnTermination": true,
"VolumeSize": 50,
"VolumeType": "gp2"
}
},
{
"DeviceName": "xvdf",
"Ebs": {
"DeleteOnTermination": true,
"VolumeSize": 100,
"VolumeType": "gp2"
}
}
],
"IamInstanceProfile": {
"Arn": "{{ createSSMInstanceProfile.instanceProfileArn }}"
},
"ImageId": "{{ getLatestWindowsAmi.amiId }}",
"InstanceType": "t2.micro",
"MaxCount": 1,
"MinCount": 1,
"PrivateIpAddress": "10.0.101.50",
"SecurityGroupIds": [
"{{ createDCSecGroup.dcSecGroupId }}"
],
"SubnetId": "{{ createDCSubnet2.secondSubnetId }}",
"TagSpecifications": [
{
"ResourceType": "instance",
"Tags": [
{
"Key": "Name",
"Value": "SampleDC2"
}
]
}
]
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "adcInstanceId",
"Selector": "$.Instances[0].InstanceId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "verifyDCInstanceState"
},
{
"name": "verifyDCInstanceState",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeInstanceStatus",
"IncludeAllInstances": true,
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}",
"{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}"
],
"PropertySelector": "$.InstanceStatuses[0].InstanceState.Name",
"DesiredValues": [
"running"
]
},
"nextStep": "verifyInstancesOnlineSSM"
},
{
"name": "verifyInstancesOnlineSSM",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds": 600,
"inputs": {
"Service": "ssm",
"Api": "DescribeInstanceInformation",
"InstanceInformationFilterList": [
{
"key": "InstanceIds",
"valueSet": [
"{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}",
"{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}"
]
}
],
"PropertySelector": "$.InstanceInformationList[0].PingStatus",
"DesiredValues": [
"Online"
]
},
"nextStep": "installADRoles"
},
{
"name": "installADRoles",
"action": "aws:runCommand",
"inputs": {
"DocumentName": "AWS-RunPowerShellScript",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}",
"{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}"
],
"Parameters": {
"commands": [
"try {",
" Install-WindowsFeature -Name AD-Domain-Services -IncludeManagementTools",
"}",
"catch {",
" Write-Error \"Failed to install ADDS Role.\"",
"}"
]
}
},
"nextStep": "setAdminPassword"
},
{
"name": "setAdminPassword",
"action": "aws:runCommand",
"inputs": {
"DocumentName": "AWS-RunPowerShellScript",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}"
],
"Parameters": {
"commands": [
"net user Administrator \"sampleAdminPass123!\""
]
}
},
"nextStep": "createForest"
},
{
"name": "createForest",
"action": "aws:runCommand",
"inputs": {
"DocumentName": "AWS-RunPowerShellScript",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ launchDC1.pdcInstanceId }}"
],
"Parameters": {
"commands": [
"$dsrmPass = 'sample123!' | ConvertTo-SecureString -asPlainText -Force",
"try {",
" Install-ADDSForest -DomainName \"sample.com\" -DomainMode 6 -ForestMode 6 -InstallDNS -DatabasePath \"D:\\NTDS\" -SysvolPath \"D:\\SYSVOL\" -SafeModeAdministratorPassword $dsrmPass -Force",
"}",
"catch {",
" Write-Error $_",
"}",
"try {",
" Add-DnsServerForwarder -IPAddress \"10.0.100.2\"",
"}",
"catch {",
" Write-Error $_",
"}"
]
}
},
"nextStep": "associateDhcpOptions"
},
{
"name": "associateDhcpOptions",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "AssociateDhcpOptions",
"DhcpOptionsId": "{{ createDhcpOptions.dhcpOptionsId }}",
"VpcId": "{{ createVpc.vpcId }}"
},
"nextStep": "waitForADServices"
},
{
"name": "waitForADServices",
"action": "aws:sleep",
"inputs": {
"Duration": "PT1M"
},
"nextStep": "promoteADC"
},
{
"name": "promoteADC",
"action": "aws:runCommand",
"inputs": {
"DocumentName": "AWS-RunPowerShellScript",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ launchDC2.adcInstanceId }}"
],
"Parameters": {
"commands": [
"ipconfig /renew",
"$dsrmPass = 'sample123!' | ConvertTo-SecureString -asPlainText -Force",
"$domAdminUser = \"sample\\Administrator\"",
"$domAdminPass = \"sampleAdminPass123!\" | ConvertTo-SecureString -asPlainText -Force",
"$domAdminCred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($domAdminUser,$domAdminPass)",
"try {",
" Install-ADDSDomainController -DomainName \"sample.com\" -InstallDNS -DatabasePath \"D:\\NTDS\" -SysvolPath \"D:\\SYSVOL\" -SafeModeAdministratorPassword $dsrmPass -Credential $domAdminCred -Force",
"}",
"catch {",
" Write-Error $_",
"}"
]
}
}
}
]
}
```
------
# Restaurar um volume raiz do snapshot mais recente
O sistema operacional em um volume raiz pode ser corrompido por vários motivos. Por exemplo, após uma operação de patch, as instâncias podem não inicializar com êxito, devido a um kernel ou registro corrompido. A automatização de tarefas comuns de solução de problemas, como restaurar um volume raiz do snapshot mais recente feito antes da operação de patch, pode reduzir o tempo de inatividade e agilizar seus esforços de solução de problemas. AWS Systems Manager As ações do Automation podem ajudar você a fazer isso. O Automation é uma ferramenta do AWS Systems Manager.
O runbook AWS Systems Manager do exemplo a seguir realiza estas ações:
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:executeAwsApi` para recuperar detalhes do volume raiz da instância.
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:executeScript` para recuperar o snapshot mais recente do volume raiz.
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:branch` para continuar a automação, se um snapshot for encontrado para o volume raiz.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
---
description: Custom Automation Troubleshooting Example
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: "{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}"
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: "(Required) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform
the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation
uses your IAM permissions to use this runbook."
default: ''
InstanceId:
type: String
description: "(Required) The Instance Id whose root EBS volume you want to restore the latest Snapshot."
default: ''
mainSteps:
- name: getInstanceDetails
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- "{{ InstanceId }}"
outputs:
- Name: availabilityZone
Selector: "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].Placement.AvailabilityZone"
Type: String
- Name: rootDeviceName
Selector: "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].RootDeviceName"
Type: String
nextStep: getRootVolumeId
- name: getRootVolumeId
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeVolumes
Filters:
- Name: attachment.device
Values: ["{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}"]
- Name: attachment.instance-id
Values: ["{{ InstanceId }}"]
outputs:
- Name: rootVolumeId
Selector: "$.Volumes[0].VolumeId"
Type: String
nextStep: getSnapshotsByStartTime
- name: getSnapshotsByStartTime
action: aws:executeScript
timeoutSeconds: 45
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: getSnapshotsByStartTime
InputPayload:
rootVolumeId : "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}"
Script: |-
def getSnapshotsByStartTime(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
rootVolumeId = events['rootVolumeId']
snapshotsQuery = ec2.describe_snapshots(
Filters=[
{
"Name": "volume-id",
"Values": [rootVolumeId]
}
]
)
if not snapshotsQuery['Snapshots']:
noSnapshotFoundString = "NoSnapshotFound"
return { 'noSnapshotFound' : noSnapshotFoundString }
else:
jsonSnapshots = snapshotsQuery['Snapshots']
sortedSnapshots = sorted(jsonSnapshots, key=lambda k: k['StartTime'], reverse=True)
latestSortedSnapshotId = sortedSnapshots[0]['SnapshotId']
return { 'latestSnapshotId' : latestSortedSnapshotId }
outputs:
- Name: Payload
Selector: $.Payload
Type: StringMap
- Name: latestSnapshotId
Selector: $.Payload.latestSnapshotId
Type: String
- Name: noSnapshotFound
Selector: $.Payload.noSnapshotFound
Type: String
nextStep: branchFromResults
- name: branchFromResults
action: aws:branch
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Choices:
- NextStep: createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot
Not:
Variable: "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.noSnapshotFound }}"
StringEquals: "NoSnapshotFound"
isEnd: true
- name: createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateVolume
AvailabilityZone: "{{ getInstanceDetails.availabilityZone }}"
SnapshotId: "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.latestSnapshotId }}"
outputs:
- Name: newRootVolumeId
Selector: "$.VolumeId"
Type: String
nextStep: stopInstance
- name: stopInstance
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: StopInstances
InstanceIds:
- "{{ InstanceId }}"
nextStep: verifyVolumeAvailability
- name: verifyVolumeAvailability
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
timeoutSeconds: 120
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeVolumes
VolumeIds:
- "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}"
PropertySelector: "$.Volumes[0].State"
DesiredValues:
- "available"
nextStep: verifyInstanceStopped
- name: verifyInstanceStopped
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
timeoutSeconds: 120
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeInstances
InstanceIds:
- "{{ InstanceId }}"
PropertySelector: "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name"
DesiredValues:
- "stopped"
nextStep: detachRootVolume
- name: detachRootVolume
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DetachVolume
VolumeId: "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}"
nextStep: verifyRootVolumeDetached
- name: verifyRootVolumeDetached
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
timeoutSeconds: 30
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeVolumes
VolumeIds:
- "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}"
PropertySelector: "$.Volumes[0].State"
DesiredValues:
- "available"
nextStep: attachNewRootVolume
- name: attachNewRootVolume
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: AttachVolume
Device: "{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}"
InstanceId: "{{ InstanceId }}"
VolumeId: "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}"
nextStep: verifyNewRootVolumeAttached
- name: verifyNewRootVolumeAttached
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
timeoutSeconds: 30
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeVolumes
VolumeIds:
- "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}"
PropertySelector: "$.Volumes[0].Attachments[0].State"
DesiredValues:
- "attached"
nextStep: startInstance
- name: startInstance
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: StartInstances
InstanceIds:
- "{{ InstanceId }}"
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"description": "Custom Automation Troubleshooting Example",
"schemaVersion": "0.3",
"assumeRole": "{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}",
"parameters": {
"AutomationAssumeRole": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to run this runbook.",
"default": ""
},
"InstanceId": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The Instance Id whose root EBS volume you want to restore the latest Snapshot.",
"default": ""
}
},
"mainSteps": [
{
"name": "getInstanceDetails",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ InstanceId }}"
]
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "availabilityZone",
"Selector": "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].Placement.AvailabilityZone",
"Type": "String"
},
{
"Name": "rootDeviceName",
"Selector": "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].RootDeviceName",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "getRootVolumeId"
},
{
"name": "getRootVolumeId",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeVolumes",
"Filters": [
{
"Name": "attachment.device",
"Values": [
"{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}"
]
},
{
"Name": "attachment.instance-id",
"Values": [
"{{ InstanceId }}"
]
}
]
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "rootVolumeId",
"Selector": "$.Volumes[0].VolumeId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "getSnapshotsByStartTime"
},
{
"name": "getSnapshotsByStartTime",
"action": "aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds": 45,
"onFailure": "Continue",
"inputs": {
"Runtime": "python3.11",
"Handler": "getSnapshotsByStartTime",
"InputPayload": {
"rootVolumeId": "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}"
},
"Attachment": "getSnapshotsByStartTime.py"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "Payload",
"Selector": "$.Payload",
"Type": "StringMap"
},
{
"Name": "latestSnapshotId",
"Selector": "$.Payload.latestSnapshotId",
"Type": "String"
},
{
"Name": "noSnapshotFound",
"Selector": "$.Payload.noSnapshotFound",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "branchFromResults"
},
{
"name": "branchFromResults",
"action": "aws:branch",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Choices": [
{
"NextStep": "createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot",
"Not": {
"Variable": "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.noSnapshotFound }}",
"StringEquals": "NoSnapshotFound"
}
}
]
},
"isEnd": true
},
{
"name": "createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateVolume",
"AvailabilityZone": "{{ getInstanceDetails.availabilityZone }}",
"SnapshotId": "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.latestSnapshotId }}"
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "newRootVolumeId",
"Selector": "$.VolumeId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "stopInstance"
},
{
"name": "stopInstance",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "StopInstances",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ InstanceId }}"
]
},
"nextStep": "verifyVolumeAvailability"
},
{
"name": "verifyVolumeAvailability",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds": 120,
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeVolumes",
"VolumeIds": [
"{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}"
],
"PropertySelector": "$.Volumes[0].State",
"DesiredValues": [
"available"
]
},
"nextStep": "verifyInstanceStopped"
},
{
"name": "verifyInstanceStopped",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds": 120,
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeInstances",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ InstanceId }}"
],
"PropertySelector": "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
"DesiredValues": [
"stopped"
]
},
"nextStep": "detachRootVolume"
},
{
"name": "detachRootVolume",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DetachVolume",
"VolumeId": "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}"
},
"nextStep": "verifyRootVolumeDetached"
},
{
"name": "verifyRootVolumeDetached",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds": 30,
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeVolumes",
"VolumeIds": [
"{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}"
],
"PropertySelector": "$.Volumes[0].State",
"DesiredValues": [
"available"
]
},
"nextStep": "attachNewRootVolume"
},
{
"name": "attachNewRootVolume",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "AttachVolume",
"Device": "{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}",
"InstanceId": "{{ InstanceId }}",
"VolumeId": "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}"
},
"nextStep": "verifyNewRootVolumeAttached"
},
{
"name": "verifyNewRootVolumeAttached",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds": 30,
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeVolumes",
"VolumeIds": [
"{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}"
],
"PropertySelector": "$.Volumes[0].Attachments[0].State",
"DesiredValues": [
"attached"
]
},
"nextStep": "startInstance"
},
{
"name": "startInstance",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "StartInstances",
"InstanceIds": [
"{{ InstanceId }}"
]
}
}
],
"files": {
"getSnapshotsByStartTime.py": {
"checksums": {
"sha256": "sampleETagValue"
}
}
}
}
```
------
# Crie uma AMI e uma cópia entre regiões
Criar uma Amazon Machine Image (AMI) de uma instância é um processo comum usado em backup e recuperação. Também é possível optar por copiar uma AMI em outra Região da AWS como parte de uma arquitetura de recuperação de desastres. A automação de tarefas de manutenção comuns poderá reduzir o tempo de inatividade se um problema exigir failover. AWS Systems Manager As ações do Automation podem ajudar você a fazer isso. O Automation é uma ferramenta do AWS Systems Manager.
O runbook AWS Systems Manager de exemplo a seguir realiza estas ações:
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:executeAwsApi` para criar uma AMI.
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty` para confirmar a disponibilidade da AMI.
+ Usa a ação de automação `aws:executeScript` para copiar a AMI na região de destino.
------
#### [ YAML ]
```
---
description: Custom Automation Backup and Recovery Example
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: "{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}"
parameters:
AutomationAssumeRole:
type: String
description: "(Required) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform
the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation
uses your IAM permissions to use this runbook."
default: ''
InstanceId:
type: String
description: "(Required) The ID of the EC2 instance."
default: ''
mainSteps:
- name: createImage
action: aws:executeAwsApi
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: CreateImage
InstanceId: "{{ InstanceId }}"
Name: "Automation Image for {{ InstanceId }}"
NoReboot: false
outputs:
- Name: newImageId
Selector: "$.ImageId"
Type: String
nextStep: verifyImageAvailability
- name: verifyImageAvailability
action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty
timeoutSeconds: 600
inputs:
Service: ec2
Api: DescribeImages
ImageIds:
- "{{ createImage.newImageId }}"
PropertySelector: "$.Images[0].State"
DesiredValues:
- available
nextStep: copyImage
- name: copyImage
action: aws:executeScript
timeoutSeconds: 45
onFailure: Abort
inputs:
Runtime: python3.11
Handler: crossRegionImageCopy
InputPayload:
newImageId : "{{ createImage.newImageId }}"
Script: |-
def crossRegionImageCopy(events,context):
import boto3
#Initialize client
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2', region_name='us-east-1')
newImageId = events['newImageId']
ec2.copy_image(
Name='DR Copy for ' + newImageId,
SourceImageId=newImageId,
SourceRegion='us-west-2'
)
```
------
#### [ JSON ]
```
{
"description": "Custom Automation Backup and Recovery Example",
"schemaVersion": "0.3",
"assumeRole": "{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}",
"parameters": {
"AutomationAssumeRole": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform\nthe actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation\nuses your IAM permissions to run this runbook.",
"default": ""
},
"InstanceId": {
"type": "String",
"description": "(Required) The ID of the EC2 instance.",
"default": ""
}
},
"mainSteps": [
{
"name": "createImage",
"action": "aws:executeAwsApi",
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "CreateImage",
"InstanceId": "{{ InstanceId }}",
"Name": "Automation Image for {{ InstanceId }}",
"NoReboot": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"Name": "newImageId",
"Selector": "$.ImageId",
"Type": "String"
}
],
"nextStep": "verifyImageAvailability"
},
{
"name": "verifyImageAvailability",
"action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
"timeoutSeconds": 600,
"inputs": {
"Service": "ec2",
"Api": "DescribeImages",
"ImageIds": [
"{{ createImage.newImageId }}"
],
"PropertySelector": "$.Images[0].State",
"DesiredValues": [
"available"
]
},
"nextStep": "copyImage"
},
{
"name": "copyImage",
"action": "aws:executeScript",
"timeoutSeconds": 45,
"onFailure": "Abort",
"inputs": {
"Runtime": "python3.11",
"Handler": "crossRegionImageCopy",
"InputPayload": {
"newImageId": "{{ createImage.newImageId }}"
},
"Attachment": "crossRegionImageCopy.py"
}
}
],
"files": {
"crossRegionImageCopy.py": {
"checksums": {
"sha256": "sampleETagValue"
}
}
}
}
```
------