# Glue ETL in Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio
Glue ETL

AWS Glue ETL compute resources power Visual ETL flows in your Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio project. You can use Glue ETL serverless compute resources to run Visual ETL flows and JupyterLab notebooks without managing underlying infrastructure. This is especially useful for analytics, machine learning, and application development.

You can view information about your AWS Glue ETL compute resources on the **Data processing** tab of the **Compute** page in your project. These resources are used when you create and run Visual ETL flows in Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio.

By default, when you create a project in Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio two Glue ETL compute connections are created. The Glue ETL connection with permission mode set to compatibility is called `project.spark.compatibility`, and the Glue ETL connection with permission mode set to fine-grained is called `project.spark.fineGrained`. You can choose which compute option to use when you use tools such as Visual ETL and JupyterLab in Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio. For more information about compatibility and fine-grained permission modes, see [Configuring permission mode for Glue ETL in Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio](compute-permissions-mode-glue.md). 

**Note**  
Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio automatically creates Glue ETL compute resources during project creation. You cannot create, edit, or delete these instances. By default, Glue ETL uses AWS Glue 5.0 with G.1X (1 Data Processing Unit / Hour) worker types.

# Configuring permission mode for Glue ETL in Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio
Configuring permission mode

Permission mode is a configuration available to Spark compute resources such as Glue ETL or EMR Serverless. It configures Spark to access different types of data based on the permissions configured for that data. There are two configuration options for permission mode:
+ Compatibility mode. This is a configuration for data managed using full-table access, meaning the compute engine can access all rows and columns in the data. Choosing this option enables your compute to work with data assets from AWS and from external systems. 
+ Fine-grained mode. This is a configuration for data managed using fine-grained access controls, meaning the compute engine can only access specific rows and columns from the full dataset. Choosing this option enables your Glue ETL to work with data asset subscriptions from Amazon SageMaker Catalog.

To configure permission mode for Glue ETL in Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio, complete the following steps:

1. Navigate to Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio using the URL from your admin and log in using your SSO or AWS credentials. 

1. Navigate to a project.

1. Navigate to the Visual ETL tool by using the dropdown **Build** menu and selecting **Visual ETL flows**.

1. Navigate to a flow by creating one or selecting the flow from the list.

1. From the dropdown menu next to the **Run** button, choose a compute connection type that aligns with your data access preference.
   + Select **project.spark.fineGrained** to configure permission mode to support fine-grained access control. Choosing this option configures your Visual ETL flow to work with data asset subscriptions from Amazon SageMaker Catalog. 
   + Select **project.spark.compatibility** to configure permission mode to be compatible with general access control. Choosing this option configures your Visual ETL flow to work with data assets that you connect to from your project.

You can then run the Visual ETL flow with data that aligns with your selected compute connection.

# Configuring user background sessions for AWS Glue
Configuring user background sessions

**Warning**  
 When user background sessions is enabled for AWS Glue, Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio will not terminate interactive sessions. All interactive sessions will be only terminated once all queries are completed. 

 User background sessions in AWS Glue must be enabled for the entire account. AWS Glue requires additional actions to enable user background sessions for the entire account. 

```
aws glue update-glue-identity-center-configuration \
  --user-background-sessions-enabled
```

 For more information, see [User background sessions for AWS Glue ETL](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/glue/latest/dg/user-background-sessions.html) in the AWS Glue management guide.