Amazon Redshift tidak akan lagi mendukung pembuatan Python UDFs baru mulai Patch 198. Python yang ada UDFs akan terus berfungsi hingga 30 Juni 2026. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat [posting blog](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/amazon-redshift-python-user-defined-functions-will-reach-end-of-support-after-june-30-2026/).
Terjemahan disediakan oleh mesin penerjemah. Jika konten terjemahan yang diberikan bertentangan dengan versi bahasa Inggris aslinya, utamakan versi bahasa Inggris.
# TUNJUKKAN HIBAH
Menampilkan hibah untuk pengguna, peran, atau objek. Objek dapat berupa database, skema, tabel, fungsi, atau templat. Saat Anda menentukan objek, seperti tabel atau fungsi, Anda harus memenuhi syarat dengan notasi dua bagian atau tiga bagian. Misalnya, `schema_name.table_name` atau `database_name.schema_name.table_name`.
Jika lebih dari 10.000 baris akan dihasilkan dari SHOW GRANTS, maka perintah tersebut menimbulkan kesalahan.
## Izin yang diperlukan
Untuk menjalankan SHOW GRANTS bagi pengguna atau peran target, pengguna saat ini harus memenuhi salah satu kriteria berikut:
+ Jadilah superuser
+ Jadilah pengguna target
+ Jadilah pemilik peran target
+ Diberikan peran
SHOW GRANTS untuk objek target hanya akan menampilkan hibah yang terlihat oleh pengguna saat ini. Hibah dapat dilihat oleh pengguna saat ini jika pengguna saat ini memenuhi salah satu kriteria berikut:
+ Jadilah superuser
+ Jadilah pengguna target
+ Diberikan pemilik peran yang diberikan
+ Diberikan peran yang ditargetkan oleh hibah objek
## Sintaksis
Berikut ini adalah sintaks untuk menunjukkan hibah pada objek. Perhatikan bahwa cara kedua menentukan fungsi hanya berlaku untuk skema eksternal dan database yang dibuat dari datashare.
```
SHOW GRANTS ON
{
DATABASE database_name |
FUNCTION {database_name.schema_name.function_name | schema_name.function_name } ( [ [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) |
FUNCTION {database_name.schema_name.function_name | schema_name.function_name } |
SCHEMA {database_name.schema_name | schema_name} |
{ TABLE {database_name.schema_name.table_name | schema_name.table_name} | table_name }
TEMPLATE {database_name.schema_name.template_name | template_name}
}
[FOR {username | ROLE role_name | PUBLIC}]
[LIMIT row_limit]
```
Berikut ini adalah sintaks untuk menampilkan hibah untuk pengguna atau peran.
```
SHOW GRANTS FOR
{username | ROLE role_name}
[FROM DATABASE database_name]
[LIMIT row_limit]
```
## Parameter
*database\$1name*
Nama database untuk menampilkan hibah pada.
*function\$1name*
Nama fungsi untuk menampilkan hibah pada.
template\$1name
Nama template untuk menampilkan hibah pada.
*schema\$1name*
Nama skema untuk menunjukkan hibah.
*table\$1name*
Nama tabel untuk menunjukkan hibah.
UNTUK *Username*
Menunjukkan menunjukkan hibah untuk pengguna.
UNTUK PERAN *role\$1name*
Menunjukkan menunjukkan hibah untuk suatu peran.
UNTUK UMUM
Menunjukkan menunjukkan hibah untuk PUBLIK.
*baris\$1limit*
Jumlah maksimum baris untuk kembali. *Row\$1limit* bisa 0—10.000.
## Contoh
Contoh berikut menampilkan semua hibah pada database bernama`dev`.
```
SHOW GRANTS on database demo_db;
database_name | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | admin_option | privilege_scope | grantor_name
---------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+--------------
demo_db | ALTER | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | TRUNCATE | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | DROP | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | INSERT | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | TEMP | 0 | public | public | f | DATABASE | dbadmin
demo_db | SELECT | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | UPDATE | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | DELETE | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | REFERENCES | 112 | alice | user | f | TABLES | dbadmin
```
Perintah berikut menunjukkan semua hibah pada skema bernama. `demo`
```
SHOW GRANTS ON SCHEMA demo_schema;
schema_name | object_name | object_type | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | admin_option | privilege_scope | database_name | grantor_name
-------------+-------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+---------------+--------------
demo_schema | demo_schema | SCHEMA | ALTER | 112 | alice | user | f | SCHEMA | db1 | dbadmin
demo_schema | demo_schema | SCHEMA | DROP | 112 | alice | user | f | SCHEMA | db1 | dbadmin
demo_schema | demo_schema | SCHEMA | USAGE | 112 | alice | user | f | SCHEMA | db1 | dbadmin
demo_schema | demo_schema | SCHEMA | CREATE | 112 | alice | user | f | SCHEMA | db1 | dbadmin
```
Perintah berikut menunjukkan semua hibah untuk pengguna bernama`alice`.
```
SHOW GRANTS FOR alice;
database_name | schema_name | object_name | object_type | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | privilege_scope | grantor_name
---------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+-----------------+--------------
demo_db | | | DATABASE | INSERT | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | | | DATABASE | SELECT | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | | | DATABASE | UPDATE | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | | | DATABASE | DELETE | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | | | DATABASE | REFERENCES | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | | | DATABASE | DROP | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | | | DATABASE | TRUNCATE | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | | | DATABASE | ALTER | 124 | alice | user | TABLES | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | | SCHEMA | USAGE | 124 | alice | user | SCHEMA | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | | SCHEMA | CREATE | 124 | alice | user | SCHEMA | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | | SCHEMA | DROP | 124 | alice | user | SCHEMA | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | | SCHEMA | ALTER | 124 | alice | user | SCHEMA | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | INSERT | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | SELECT | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | UPDATE | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | DELETE | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | RULE | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | REFERENCES | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | TRIGGER | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | DROP | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | TRUNCATE | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
demo_db | demo_schema | t1 | TABLE | ALTER | 124 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
```
```
SHOW GRANTS FOR alice FROM DATABASE second_db;
database_name | schema_name | object_name | object_type | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | privilege_scope | grantor_name
---------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+-----------------+--------------
second_db | public | t22 | TABLE | SELECT | 101 | alice | user | TABLE | dbadmin
```
Perintah berikut menunjukkan semua hibah pada tabel bernama `t3` untuk pengguna bernama`alice`. Perhatikan bahwa Anda dapat menggunakan notasi dua bagian atau tiga bagian untuk menentukan nama tabel.
```
SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE demo_db.demo_schema.t3 FOR ALICE;
schema_name | object_name | object_type | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | admin_option | privilege_scope | database_name | grantor_name
-------------+-------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+---------------+--------------
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | ALTER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | TRUNCATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | DROP | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | TRIGGER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | SELECT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | INSERT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | UPDATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | DELETE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | RULE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | REFERENCES | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE demo_schema.t3 FOR ALICE;
schema_name | object_name | object_type | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | admin_option | privilege_scope | database_name | grantor_name
-------------+-------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+---------------+--------------
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | ALTER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | TRUNCATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | DROP | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | TRIGGER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | SELECT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | INSERT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | UPDATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | DELETE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | RULE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
demo_schema | t3 | TABLE | REFERENCES | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
```
Contoh berikut menunjukkan semua hibah pada tabel bernama`t4`. Perhatikan berbagai cara yang dapat Anda tentukan nama tabel.
```
SHOW GRANTS ON t4;
schema_name | object_name | object_type | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | admin_option | privilege_scope | database_name | grantor_name
-------------+-------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+---------------+--------------
public | t4 | TABLE | ALTER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | TRUNCATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | DROP | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | TRIGGER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | SELECT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | INSERT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | UPDATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | DELETE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | RULE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | REFERENCES | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE public.t4;
schema_name | object_name | object_type | privilege_type | identity_id | identity_name | identity_type | admin_option | privilege_scope | database_name | grantor_name
-------------+-------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+---------------+--------------
public | t4 | TABLE | ALTER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | TRUNCATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | DROP | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | TRIGGER | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | SELECT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | INSERT | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | UPDATE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | DELETE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | RULE | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
public | t4 | TABLE | REFERENCES | 130 | alice | user | f | TABLE | demo_db | dbadmin
```