

Die vorliegende Übersetzung wurde maschinell erstellt. Im Falle eines Konflikts oder eines Widerspruchs zwischen dieser übersetzten Fassung und der englischen Fassung (einschließlich infolge von Verzögerungen bei der Übersetzung) ist die englische Fassung maßgeblich.

# SIGv4 authentifizierte Anfragen für Amazon VPC Lattice
<a name="sigv4-authenticated-requests"></a>

VPC Lattice verwendet Signature Version 4 (SIGv4) oder Signature Version 4A (SIGv4A) für die Client-Authentifizierung. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter [AWS Signature Version 4 for API requests](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/reference_sigv.html) im *IAM-Benutzerhandbuch*.

**Überlegungen**
+ VPC Lattice versucht, jede Anfrage zu authentifizieren, die mit oder A signiert ist. SIGv4 SIGv4 Die Anfrage schlägt ohne Authentifizierung fehl.
+ VPC Lattice unterstützt keine Payload-Signierung. Sie müssen einen `x-amz-content-sha256` Header senden, dessen Wert auf gesetzt ist. `"UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD"`

**Topics**
+ [Python](#sigv4-authenticated-requests-python)
+ [Java](#sigv4-authenticated-requests-java-custom-interceptor)
+ [Node.js](#sigv4-authenticated-requests-nodejs)
+ [Golang](#sigv4-authenticated-requests-golang)
+ [Golang - GRPC](#sigv4-authenticated-requests-golang-grpc)

## Python
<a name="sigv4-authenticated-requests-python"></a>

In diesem Beispiel werden die signierten Anfragen über eine sichere Verbindung an einen im Netzwerk registrierten Dienst gesendet. Wenn Sie [Anfragen](https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) bevorzugen, vereinfacht das [Botocore-Paket](https://github.com/boto/botocore) den Authentifizierungsprozess, ist aber nicht unbedingt erforderlich. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Boto3-Dokumentation unter [Anmeldeinformationen](https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/guide/credentials.html).

Verwenden Sie den folgenden Befehl, um die `awscrt` Pakete `botocore` und zu installieren. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter [AWS CRT Python](https://pypi.org/project/awscrt/).

```
pip install botocore awscrt
```

Wenn Sie die Client-Anwendung auf Lambda ausführen, installieren Sie die erforderlichen Module mithilfe von [Lambda-Schichten](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/python-layers.html) oder nehmen Sie sie in Ihr Bereitstellungspaket auf.

Ersetzen Sie im folgenden Beispiel die Platzhalterwerte durch Ihre eigenen Werte.

------
#### [ SIGv4 ]

```
from botocore import crt
import requests 
from botocore.awsrequest import AWSRequest
import botocore.session

if __name__ == '__main__':
    session = botocore.session.Session()
    signer = crt.auth.CrtSigV4Auth(session.get_credentials(), 'vpc-lattice-svcs', 'us-west-2')
    endpoint = 'https://data-svc-022f67d3a42.1234abc.vpc-lattice-svcs.us-west-2.on.aws'
    data = "some-data-here"
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-amz-content-sha256': 'UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD'}
    request = AWSRequest(method='POST', url=endpoint, data=data, headers=headers)
    request.context["payload_signing_enabled"] = False
    signer.add_auth(request)
    
    prepped = request.prepare()
    
    response = requests.post(prepped.url, headers=prepped.headers, data=data)
    print(response.text)
```

------
#### [ SIGv4A ]

```
from botocore import crt
import requests 
from botocore.awsrequest import AWSRequest
import botocore.session

if __name__ == '__main__':
    session = botocore.session.Session()
    signer = crt.auth.CrtSigV4AsymAuth(session.get_credentials(), 'vpc-lattice-svcs', '*')
    endpoint = 'https://data-svc-022f67d3a42.1234abc.vpc-lattice-svcs.us-west-2.on.aws'
    data = "some-data-here"
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-amz-content-sha256': 'UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD'}
    request = AWSRequest(method='POST', url=endpoint, data=data, headers=headers)
    request.context["payload_signing_enabled"] = False 
    signer.add_auth(request)
    
    prepped = request.prepare()
    
    response = requests.post(prepped.url, headers=prepped.headers, data=data)
    print(response.text)
```

------

## Java
<a name="sigv4-authenticated-requests-java-custom-interceptor"></a>

Dieses Beispiel zeigt, wie Sie das Signieren von Anfragen mithilfe benutzerdefinierter Interzeptoren durchführen können. Es verwendet die standardmäßige Anbieterklasse für Anmeldeinformationen von [AWS SDK for Java 2.x](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-java-v2), die die richtigen Anmeldeinformationen für Sie abruft. Wenn Sie lieber einen bestimmten Anbieter für Anmeldeinformationen verwenden möchten, können Sie einen aus der [AWS SDK for Java 2.x](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/credentials.html)auswählen. Das AWS SDK für Java erlaubt nur unsignierte Payloads über HTTPS. Sie können den Unterzeichner jedoch so erweitern, dass er unsignierte Payloads über HTTP unterstützt.

------
#### [ SIGv4 ]

```
package com.example;

import software.amazon.awssdk.http.auth.aws.signer.AwsV4HttpSigner;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.auth.spi.signer.SignedRequest;

import software.amazon.awssdk.http.SdkHttpMethod;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.SdkHttpClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.identity.spi.AwsCredentialsIdentity;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.SdkHttpRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.apache.ApacheHttpClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.HttpExecuteRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.HttpExecuteResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;

import software.amazon.awssdk.auth.credentials.DefaultCredentialsProvider;

public class sigv4 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AwsV4HttpSigner signer = AwsV4HttpSigner.create();

        AwsCredentialsIdentity credentials = DefaultCredentialsProvider.create().resolveCredentials();

        if (args.length < 2) {
            System.out.println("Usage: sample <url> <region>");
            System.exit(1);
        }
        // Create the HTTP request to be signed
        var url = args[0];
        SdkHttpRequest httpRequest = SdkHttpRequest.builder()
                .uri(URI.create(url))
                .method(SdkHttpMethod.GET)
                .build();

        SignedRequest signedRequest = signer.sign(r -> r.identity(credentials)
                .request(httpRequest)
                .putProperty(AwsV4HttpSigner.SERVICE_SIGNING_NAME, "vpc-lattice-svcs")
                .putProperty(AwsV4HttpSigner.PAYLOAD_SIGNING_ENABLED, false)
                .putProperty(AwsV4HttpSigner.REGION_NAME, args[1]));

        System.out.println("[*] Raw request headers:");
        signedRequest.request().headers().forEach((key, values) -> {
            values.forEach(value -> System.out.println("  " + key + ": " + value));
        });

        try (SdkHttpClient httpClient = ApacheHttpClient.create()) {
            HttpExecuteRequest httpExecuteRequest = HttpExecuteRequest.builder()
                    .request(signedRequest.request())
                    .contentStreamProvider(signedRequest.payload().orElse(null))
                    .build();

            System.out.println("[*] Sending request to: " + url);

            HttpExecuteResponse httpResponse = httpClient.prepareRequest(httpExecuteRequest).call();

            System.out.println("[*] Request sent");

            System.out.println("[*] Response status code: " + httpResponse.httpResponse().statusCode());
            // Read and print the response body
            httpResponse.responseBody().ifPresent(inputStream -> {
                try {
                    String responseBody = new String(inputStream.readAllBytes());
                    System.out.println("[*] Response body: " + responseBody);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    System.err.println("[*] Failed to read response body");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    try {
                        inputStream.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        System.err.println("[*] Failed to close input stream");
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.err.println("[*] HTTP Request Failed.");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}
```

------
#### [ SIGv4A ]

Dieses Beispiel erfordert eine zusätzliche Abhängigkeit von. `software.amazon.awssdk:http-auth-aws-crt`

```
package com.example;


import software.amazon.awssdk.http.auth.aws.signer.AwsV4aHttpSigner;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.auth.aws.signer.RegionSet;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.auth.spi.signer.SignedRequest;

import software.amazon.awssdk.http.SdkHttpMethod;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.SdkHttpClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.identity.spi.AwsCredentialsIdentity;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.SdkHttpRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.apache.ApacheHttpClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.HttpExecuteRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.http.HttpExecuteResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.Arrays;

import software.amazon.awssdk.auth.credentials.DefaultCredentialsProvider;

public class sigv4a {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AwsV4aHttpSigner signer = AwsV4aHttpSigner.create();

        AwsCredentialsIdentity credentials = DefaultCredentialsProvider.create().resolveCredentials();

        if (args.length < 2) {
            System.out.println("Usage: sample <url> <regionset>");
            System.exit(1);
        }
        // Create the HTTP request to be signed
        var url = args[0];
        SdkHttpRequest httpRequest = SdkHttpRequest.builder()
                .uri(URI.create(url))
                .method(SdkHttpMethod.GET)
                .build();

        SignedRequest signedRequest = signer.sign(r -> r.identity(credentials)
                .request(httpRequest)
                .putProperty(AwsV4aHttpSigner.SERVICE_SIGNING_NAME, "vpc-lattice-svcs")
                .putProperty(AwsV4aHttpSigner.PAYLOAD_SIGNING_ENABLED, false)
                .putProperty(AwsV4aHttpSigner.REGION_SET, RegionSet.create(String.join(" ",Arrays.copyOfRange(args, 1, args.length)))));

        System.out.println("[*] Raw request headers:");
        signedRequest.request().headers().forEach((key, values) -> {
            values.forEach(value -> System.out.println("  " + key + ": " + value));
        });

        try (SdkHttpClient httpClient = ApacheHttpClient.create()) {
            HttpExecuteRequest httpExecuteRequest = HttpExecuteRequest.builder()
                    .request(signedRequest.request())
                    .contentStreamProvider(signedRequest.payload().orElse(null))
                    .build();

            System.out.println("[*] Sending request to: " + url);

            HttpExecuteResponse httpResponse = httpClient.prepareRequest(httpExecuteRequest).call();

            System.out.println("[*] Request sent");

            System.out.println("[*] Response status code: " + httpResponse.httpResponse().statusCode());
            // Read and print the response body
            httpResponse.responseBody().ifPresent(inputStream -> {
                try {
                    String responseBody = new String(inputStream.readAllBytes());
                    System.out.println("[*] Response body: " + responseBody);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    System.err.println("[*] Failed to read response body");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    try {
                        inputStream.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        System.err.println("[*] Failed to close input stream");
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.err.println("[*] HTTP Request Failed.");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
```

------

## Node.js
<a name="sigv4-authenticated-requests-nodejs"></a>

In diesem Beispiel werden [NodeJS-Bindungen vom Typ aws-crt](https://github.com/awslabs/aws-crt-nodejs) verwendet, um eine signierte Anfrage über HTTPS zu senden.

Verwenden Sie den folgenden Befehl, um das `aws-crt` Paket zu installieren.

```
npm -i aws-crt
```

Wenn die `AWS_REGION` Umgebungsvariable existiert, verwendet das Beispiel die von angegebene Region`AWS_REGION`. Die Standardregion ist`us-east-1`.

------
#### [ SIGv4 ]

```
const https = require('https')
const crt = require('aws-crt')
const { HttpRequest } = require('aws-crt/dist/native/http')

function sigV4Sign(method, endpoint, service, algorithm) {
    const host = new URL(endpoint).host
    const request = new HttpRequest(method, endpoint)
    request.headers.add('host', host)
    // crt.io.enable_logging(crt.io.LogLevel.INFO)
    const config = {
        service: service,
        region: process.env.AWS_REGION ? process.env.AWS_REGION : 'us-east-1',
        algorithm: algorithm,
        signature_type: crt.auth.AwsSignatureType.HttpRequestViaHeaders,
        signed_body_header: crt.auth.AwsSignedBodyHeaderType.XAmzContentSha256,
        signed_body_value: crt.auth.AwsSignedBodyValue.UnsignedPayload,
        provider: crt.auth.AwsCredentialsProvider.newDefault()
    }

    return crt.auth.aws_sign_request(request, config)
}

if (process.argv.length === 2) {
  console.error(process.argv[1] + ' <url>')
  process.exit(1)
}

const algorithm = crt.auth.AwsSigningAlgorithm.SigV4;

sigV4Sign('GET', process.argv[2], 'vpc-lattice-svcs', algorithm).then(
  httpResponse => {
    var headers = {}

    for (const sigv4header of httpResponse.headers) {
      headers[sigv4header[0]] = sigv4header[1]
    }

    const options = {
      hostname: new URL(process.argv[2]).host,
      path: new URL(process.argv[2]).pathname,
      method: 'GET',
      headers: headers
    }

    req = https.request(options, res => {
      console.log('statusCode:', res.statusCode)
      console.log('headers:', res.headers)
      res.on('data', d => {
        process.stdout.write(d)
      })
    })
    req.on('error', err => {
      console.log('Error: ' + err)
    })
    req.end()
  }
)
```

------
#### [ SIGv4A ]

```
const https = require('https')
const crt = require('aws-crt')
const { HttpRequest } = require('aws-crt/dist/native/http')

function sigV4Sign(method, endpoint, service, algorithm) {
    const host = new URL(endpoint).host
    const request = new HttpRequest(method, endpoint)
    request.headers.add('host', host)
    // crt.io.enable_logging(crt.io.LogLevel.INFO)
    const config = {
        service: service,
        region: process.env.AWS_REGION ? process.env.AWS_REGION : 'us-east-1',
        algorithm: algorithm,
        signature_type: crt.auth.AwsSignatureType.HttpRequestViaHeaders,
        signed_body_header: crt.auth.AwsSignedBodyHeaderType.XAmzContentSha256,
        signed_body_value: crt.auth.AwsSignedBodyValue.UnsignedPayload,
        provider: crt.auth.AwsCredentialsProvider.newDefault()
    }

    return crt.auth.aws_sign_request(request, config)
}

if (process.argv.length === 2) {
  console.error(process.argv[1] + ' <url>')
  process.exit(1)
}

const algorithm = crt.auth.AwsSigningAlgorithm.SigV4Asymmetric;

sigV4Sign('GET', process.argv[2], 'vpc-lattice-svcs', algorithm).then(
  httpResponse => {
    var headers = {}

    for (const sigv4header of httpResponse.headers) {
      headers[sigv4header[0]] = sigv4header[1]
    }

    const options = {
      hostname: new URL(process.argv[2]).host,
      path: new URL(process.argv[2]).pathname,
      method: 'GET',
      headers: headers
    }

    req = https.request(options, res => {
      console.log('statusCode:', res.statusCode)
      console.log('headers:', res.headers)
      res.on('data', d => {
        process.stdout.write(d)
      })
    })
    req.on('error', err => {
      console.log('Error: ' + err)
    })
    req.end()
  }
)
```

------

## Golang
<a name="sigv4-authenticated-requests-golang"></a>

In diesem Beispiel werden die [Smithy-Codegeneratoren für Go](https://github.com/aws/smithy-go) und das [AWS SDK für die Programmiersprache Go](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go) verwendet, um Anfragen zum Signieren von Anfragen zu verarbeiten. Das Beispiel erfordert eine Go-Version von 1.21 oder höher.

------
#### [ SIGv4 ]

```
package main
 
import (
        "context"
        "flag"
        "fmt"
        "io"
        "log"
        "net/http"
        "net/http/httputil"
        "os"
        "strings"
 
        "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
        "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config"
        "github.com/aws/smithy-go/aws-http-auth/credentials"
        "github.com/aws/smithy-go/aws-http-auth/sigv4"
        v4 "github.com/aws/smithy-go/aws-http-auth/v4"
)
 
type nopCloser struct {
        io.ReadSeeker
}
 
func (nopCloser) Close() error {
        return nil
}
 
type stringFlag struct {
        set   bool
        value string
}
 
 
        flag.PrintDefaults()
        os.Exit(1)
}
 
func main() {
        flag.Parse()
        if !url.set || !region.set {
                Usage()
        }
 
        cfg, err := config.LoadDefaultConfig(context.TODO(), config.WithClientLogMode(aws.LogSigning))
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("failed to load SDK configuration, %v", err)
        }
 
        if len(os.Args) < 2 {
                log.Fatalf("Usage: go run main.go  <url>")
        }
 
        // Retrieve credentials from an SDK source, such as the instance profile
        sdkCreds, err := cfg.Credentials.Retrieve(context.TODO())
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("Unable to retrieve credentials from SDK, %v", err)
        }
 
        creds := credentials.Credentials{
                AccessKeyID:     sdkCreds.AccessKeyID,
                SecretAccessKey: sdkCreds.SecretAccessKey,
                SessionToken:    sdkCreds.SessionToken,
        }
 
        // Add a payload body, which will not be part of the signature calculation
        body := nopCloser{strings.NewReader(`Example payload body`)}
 
        req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, url.value, body)
 
        // Create a sigv4a signer with specific options
        signer := sigv4.New(func(o *v4.SignerOptions) {
                o.DisableDoublePathEscape = true
                // This will add the UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD sha256 header
                o.AddPayloadHashHeader = true
                o.DisableImplicitPayloadHashing = true
        })
 
        // Perform the signing on req, using the credentials we retrieved from the SDK
        err = signer.SignRequest(&sigv4.SignRequestInput{
                Request:     req,
                Credentials: creds,
                Service:     "vpc-lattice-svcs",
                Region: region.String(),
        })
 
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        res, err := httputil.DumpRequest(req, true)
 
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        log.Printf("[*] Raw request\n%s\n", string(res))
 
        log.Printf("[*] Sending request to %s\n", url.value)
 
        resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        log.Printf("[*] Request sent\n")
 
        log.Printf("[*] Response status code: %d\n", resp.StatusCode)
 
        respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        log.Printf("[*] Response body: \n%s\n", respBody)
}
```

------
#### [ SIGv4A ]

```
package main
 
import (
        "context"
        "flag"
        "fmt"
        "io"
        "log"
        "net/http"
        "net/http/httputil"
        "os"
        "strings"
 
        "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
        "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config"
        "github.com/aws/smithy-go/aws-http-auth/credentials"
        "github.com/aws/smithy-go/aws-http-auth/sigv4a"
        v4 "github.com/aws/smithy-go/aws-http-auth/v4"
)
 
type nopCloser struct {
        io.ReadSeeker
}
 
func (nopCloser) Close() error {
        return nil
}
 
type stringFlag struct {
 
func main() {
        flag.Parse()
        if !url.set || !regionSet.set {
                Usage()
        }
 
        cfg, err := config.LoadDefaultConfig(context.TODO(), config.WithClientLogMode(aws.LogSigning))
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("failed to load SDK configuration, %v", err)
        }
 
        if len(os.Args) < 2 {
                log.Fatalf("Usage: go run main.go <url>")
        }
 
        // Retrieve credentials from an SDK source, such as the instance profile
        sdkCreds, err := cfg.Credentials.Retrieve(context.TODO())
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("Unable to retrieve credentials from SDK, %v", err)
        }
 
        creds := credentials.Credentials{
                AccessKeyID:     sdkCreds.AccessKeyID,
                SecretAccessKey: sdkCreds.SecretAccessKey,
                SessionToken:    sdkCreds.SessionToken,
        }
 
        // Add a payload body, which will not be part of the signature calculation
        body := nopCloser{strings.NewReader(`Example payload body`)}
 
        req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, url.value, body)
 
        // Create a sigv4a signer with specific options
        signer := sigv4a.New(func(o *v4.SignerOptions) {
                o.DisableDoublePathEscape = true
                // This will add the UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD sha256 header
                o.AddPayloadHashHeader = true
                o.DisableImplicitPayloadHashing = true
        })
 
        // Create a slice out of the provided regionset
        rs := strings.Split(regionSet.value, ",")
 
        // Perform the signing on req, using the credentials we retrieved from the SDK
        err = signer.SignRequest(&sigv4a.SignRequestInput{
                Request:     req,
                Credentials: creds,
                Service:     "vpc-lattice-svcs",
                RegionSet: rs,
        })
 
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        res, err := httputil.DumpRequest(req, true)
 
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        log.Printf("[*] Raw request\n%s\n", string(res))
 
        log.Printf("[*] Sending request to %s\n", url.value)
 
        resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        log.Printf("[*] Request sent\n")
 
        log.Printf("[*] Response status code: %d\n", resp.StatusCode)
 
        respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf("%s", err)
        }
 
        log.Printf("[*] Response body: \n%s\n", respBody)
}
```

------

## Golang - GRPC
<a name="sigv4-authenticated-requests-golang-grpc"></a>

In diesem Beispiel wird das [AWS SDK für die Programmiersprache Go verwendet, um das](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/) Signieren von Anfragen für GRPC-Anfragen zu handhaben. Dies kann mit dem [Echo-Server](https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/tree/master/examples/features/proto/echo) aus dem GRPC-Beispielcode-Repository verwendet werden.

```
package main

import (
    "context"
    "crypto/tls"
    "crypto/x509"

    "flag"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
    "strings"
    "time"

    "google.golang.org/grpc"
    "google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"

    "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
    v4 "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/signer/v4"
    "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config"

    ecpb "google.golang.org/grpc/examples/features/proto/echo"
)

const (
    headerContentSha    = "x-amz-content-sha256"
    headerSecurityToken = "x-amz-security-token"
    headerDate          = "x-amz-date"
    headerAuthorization = "authorization"
    unsignedPayload     = "UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD"
)

type SigV4GrpcSigner struct {
    service      string
    region       string
    credProvider aws.CredentialsProvider
    signer       *v4.Signer
}

func NewSigV4GrpcSigner(service string, region string, credProvider aws.CredentialsProvider) *SigV4GrpcSigner {
    signer := v4.NewSigner()
    return &SigV4GrpcSigner{
        service:      service,
        region:       region,
        credProvider: credProvider,
        signer:       signer,
    }
}

func (s *SigV4GrpcSigner) GetRequestMetadata(ctx context.Context, uri ...string) (map[string]string, error) {
    ri, _ := credentials.RequestInfoFromContext(ctx)
    creds, err := s.credProvider.Retrieve(ctx)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load credentials: %w", err)
    }

    // The URI we get here is scheme://authority/service/ - for siging we want to include the RPC name
    // But RequestInfoFromContext only has the combined /service/rpc-name - so read the URI, and
    // replace the Path with what we get from RequestInfo.
    parsed, err := url.Parse(uri[0])
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    parsed.Path = ri.Method

    // Build a request for the signer.
    bodyReader := strings.NewReader("")
    req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", uri[0], bodyReader)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    date := time.Now()
    req.Header.Set(headerContentSha, unsignedPayload)
    req.Header.Set(headerDate, date.String())
    if creds.SessionToken != "" {
        req.Header.Set(headerSecurityToken, creds.SessionToken)
    }
    // The signer wants this as //authority/path
    // So get this by triming off the scheme and the colon before the first slash.
    req.URL.Opaque = strings.TrimPrefix(parsed.String(), parsed.Scheme+":")

    err = s.signer.SignHTTP(context.Background(), creds, req, unsignedPayload, s.service, s.region, date)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to sign request: %w", err)
    }

    // Pull the relevant headers out of the signer, and return them to get
    // included in the request we make.
    reqHeaders := map[string]string{
        headerContentSha:    req.Header.Get(headerContentSha),
        headerDate:          req.Header.Get(headerDate),
        headerAuthorization: req.Header.Get(headerAuthorization),
    }
    if req.Header.Get(headerSecurityToken) != "" {
        reqHeaders[headerSecurityToken] = req.Header.Get(headerSecurityToken)
    }

    return reqHeaders, nil
}

func (c *SigV4GrpcSigner) RequireTransportSecurity() bool {
    return true
}

var addr = flag.String("addr", "some-lattice-service:443", "the address to connect to")
var region = flag.String("region", "us-west-2", "region")

func callUnaryEcho(client ecpb.EchoClient, message string) {
    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
    defer cancel()
    resp, err := client.UnaryEcho(ctx, &ecpb.EchoRequest{Message: message})
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("client.UnaryEcho(_) = _, %v: ", err)
    }
    fmt.Println("UnaryEcho: ", resp.Message)
}

func main() {
    flag.Parse()
    cfg, err := config.LoadDefaultConfig(context.TODO(), config.WithClientLogMode(aws.LogSigning))
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("failed to load SDK configuration, %v", err)
    }

    pool, _ := x509.SystemCertPool()
    tlsConfig := &tls.Config{
        RootCAs: pool,
    }

    authority, _, _ := strings.Cut(*addr, ":") // Remove the port from the addr
    opts := []grpc.DialOption{
        grpc.WithTransportCredentials(credentials.NewTLS(tlsConfig)),

        // Lattice needs both the Authority to be set (without a port), and the SigV4 signer
        grpc.WithAuthority(authority),
        grpc.WithPerRPCCredentials(NewSigV4GrpcSigner("vpc-lattice-svcs", *region, cfg.Credentials)),
    }

    conn, err := grpc.Dial(*addr, opts...)

    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
    }
    defer conn.Close()
    rgc := ecpb.NewEchoClient(conn)

    callUnaryEcho(rgc, "hello world")
}
```