# Log and monitor Athena
To detect incidents, receive alerts when incidents occur, and respond to them, use these options with Amazon Athena:
+ **Monitor Athena with AWS CloudTrail** – [AWS CloudTrail](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/) provides a record of actions taken by a user, role, or an AWS service in Athena. It captures calls from the Athena console and code calls to the Athena API operations as events. This allow you to determine the request that was made to Athena, the IP address from which the request was made, who made the request, when it was made, and additional details. For more information, see [Log Amazon Athena API calls with AWS CloudTrail](monitor-with-cloudtrail.md).
You can also use Athena to query the CloudTrail log files not only for Athena, but for other AWS services. For more information, see [Query AWS CloudTrail logs](cloudtrail-logs.md).
+ **Monitor Athena usage with CloudTrail and Amazon Quick** – [Amazon Quick](https://aws.amazon.com/quicksight/) is a fully managed, cloud-powered business intelligence service that lets you create interactive dashboards your organization can access from any device. For an example of a solution that uses CloudTrail and Amazon Quick to monitor Athena usage, see the AWS Big Data blog post [How Realtor.com monitors Amazon Athena usage with AWS CloudTrail and Quick](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/analyzing-amazon-athena-usage-by-teams-within-a-real-estate-company/).
+ **Use EventBridge with Athena** – Amazon EventBridge delivers a near real-time stream of system events that describe changes in AWS resources. EventBridge becomes aware of operational changes as they occur, responds to them, and takes corrective action as necessary, by sending messages to respond to the environment, activating functions, making changes, and capturing state information. Events are emitted on a best effort basis. For more information, see [Getting started with Amazon EventBridge](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/latest/userguide/eb-get-started.html) in the *Amazon EventBridge User Guide*.
+ **Use workgroups to separate users, teams, applications, or workloads, and to set query limits and control query costs** – You can view query-related metrics in Amazon CloudWatch, control query costs by configuring limits on the amount of data scanned, create thresholds, and trigger actions, such as Amazon SNS alarms, when these thresholds are breached. For more information, see [Use workgroups to control query access and costs](workgroups-manage-queries-control-costs.md). Use resource-level IAM permissions to control access to a specific workgroup. For more information, see [Use IAM policies to control workgroup access](workgroups-iam-policy.md) and [Use CloudWatch and EventBridge to monitor queries and control costs](workgroups-control-limits.md).
**Topics**
+ [Log Amazon Athena API calls with AWS CloudTrail](monitor-with-cloudtrail.md)
# Log Amazon Athena API calls with AWS CloudTrail
Athena is integrated with AWS CloudTrail, a service that provides a record of actions taken by a user, role, or an AWS service in Athena.
CloudTrail captures all API calls for Athena as events. The calls captured include calls from the Athena console and code calls to the Athena API operations. If you create a trail, you can enable continuous delivery of CloudTrail events to an Amazon S3 bucket, including events for Athena. If you don't configure a trail, you can still view the most recent events in the CloudTrail console in **Event history**.
Using the information collected by CloudTrail, you can determine the request that was made to Athena, the IP address from which the request was made, who made the request, when it was made, and additional details.
To learn more about CloudTrail, see the [AWS CloudTrail User Guide](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/).
You can use Athena to query CloudTrail log files from Athena itself and from other AWS services. For more information, see [Query AWS CloudTrail logs](cloudtrail-logs.md), [Hive JSON SerDe](hive-json-serde.md), and the AWS Big Data Blog post [Use CTAS statements with Amazon Athena to reduce cost and improve performance](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/using-ctas-statements-with-amazon-athena-to-reduce-cost-and-improve-performance/), which uses CloudTrail to provide insight into Athena usage.
## About Athena information in CloudTrail
CloudTrail is enabled on your Amazon Web Services account when you create the account. When activity occurs in Athena, that activity is recorded in a CloudTrail event along with other AWS service events in **Event history**. You can view, search, and download recent events in your Amazon Web Services account. For more information, see [Viewing events with CloudTrail event history](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/view-cloudtrail-events.html).
For an ongoing record of events in your Amazon Web Services account, including events for Athena, create a trail. A *trail* enables CloudTrail to deliver log files to an Amazon S3 bucket. By default, when you create a trail in the console, the trail applies to all AWS Regions. The trail logs events from all Regions in the AWS partition and delivers the log files to the Amazon S3 bucket that you specify. Additionally, you can configure other AWS services to further analyze and act upon the event data collected in CloudTrail logs. For more information, see the following:
+ [Overview for creating a trail](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-create-and-update-a-trail.html)
+ [CloudTrail supported services and integrations](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-aws-service-specific-topics.html#cloudtrail-aws-service-specific-topics-integrations)
+ [Configuring Amazon SNS notifications for CloudTrail](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/getting_notifications_top_level.html)
+ [Receiving CloudTrail log files from multiple regions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/receive-cloudtrail-log-files-from-multiple-regions.html) and [Receiving CloudTrail log files from multiple accounts](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-receive-logs-from-multiple-accounts.html)
All Athena actions are logged by CloudTrail and are documented in the [Amazon Athena API Reference](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/athena/latest/APIReference/). For example, calls to the [StartQueryExecution](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/athena/latest/APIReference/API_StartQueryExecution.html) and [GetQueryResults](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/athena/latest/APIReference/API_StartQueryExecution.html) actions generate entries in the CloudTrail log files.
Every event or log entry contains information about who generated the request. The identity information helps you determine the following:
+ Whether the request was made with root or AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) user credentials.
+ Whether the request was made with temporary security credentials for a role or federated user.
+ Whether the request was made by another AWS service.
For more information, see the [CloudTrail userIdentity element](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-event-reference-user-identity.html).
## Understand Athena log file entries
A trail is a configuration that enables delivery of events as log files to an Amazon S3 bucket that you specify. CloudTrail log files contain one or more log entries. An event represents a single request from any source and includes information about the requested action, the date and time of the action, request parameters, and so on. CloudTrail log files aren't an ordered stack trace of the public API calls, so they don't appear in any specific order.
**Note**
To prevent unintended disclosure of sensitive information, the `queryString` entry in both the `StartQueryExecution` and `CreateNamedQuery` logs has a value of `***OMITTED***`. This is by design. To access the actual query string, you can use the Athena [GetQueryExecution](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/athena/latest/APIReference/API_GetQueryExecution.html) API and pass in the value of `responseElements.queryExecutionId` from the CloudTrail log.
The following examples demonstrate CloudTrail log entries for:
+ [StartQueryExecution (Successful)](#startqueryexecution-successful)
+ [StartQueryExecution (Failed)](#startqueryexecution-failed)
+ [CreateNamedQuery](#createnamedquery)
### StartQueryExecution (successful)
```
{
"eventVersion":"1.05",
"userIdentity":{
"type":"IAMUser",
"principalId":"EXAMPLE_PRINCIPAL_ID",
"arn":"arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/johndoe",
"accountId":"123456789012",
"accessKeyId":"EXAMPLE_KEY_ID",
"userName":"johndoe"
},
"eventTime":"2017-05-04T00:23:55Z",
"eventSource":"athena.amazonaws.com",
"eventName":"StartQueryExecution",
"awsRegion":"us-east-1",
"sourceIPAddress":"77.88.999.69",
"userAgent":"aws-internal/3",
"requestParameters":{
"clientRequestToken":"16bc6e70-f972-4260-b18a-db1b623cb35c",
"resultConfiguration":{
"outputLocation":"s3://amzn-s3-demo-bucket/test/"
},
"queryString":"***OMITTED***"
},
"responseElements":{
"queryExecutionId":"b621c254-74e0-48e3-9630-78ed857782f9"
},
"requestID":"f5039b01-305f-11e7-b146-c3fc56a7dc7a",
"eventID":"c97cf8c8-6112-467a-8777-53bb38f83fd5",
"eventType":"AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId":"123456789012"
}
```
### StartQueryExecution (failed)
```
{
"eventVersion":"1.05",
"userIdentity":{
"type":"IAMUser",
"principalId":"EXAMPLE_PRINCIPAL_ID",
"arn":"arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/johndoe",
"accountId":"123456789012",
"accessKeyId":"EXAMPLE_KEY_ID",
"userName":"johndoe"
},
"eventTime":"2017-05-04T00:21:57Z",
"eventSource":"athena.amazonaws.com",
"eventName":"StartQueryExecution",
"awsRegion":"us-east-1",
"sourceIPAddress":"77.88.999.69",
"userAgent":"aws-internal/3",
"errorCode":"InvalidRequestException",
"errorMessage":"Invalid result configuration. Should specify either output location or result configuration",
"requestParameters":{
"clientRequestToken":"ca0e965f-d6d8-4277-8257-814a57f57446",
"queryString":"***OMITTED***"
},
"responseElements":null,
"requestID":"aefbc057-305f-11e7-9f39-bbc56d5d161e",
"eventID":"6e1fc69b-d076-477e-8dec-024ee51488c4",
"eventType":"AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId":"123456789012"
}
```
### CreateNamedQuery
```
{
"eventVersion":"1.05",
"userIdentity":{
"type":"IAMUser",
"principalId":"EXAMPLE_PRINCIPAL_ID",
"arn":"arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/johndoe",
"accountId":"123456789012",
"accessKeyId":"EXAMPLE_KEY_ID",
"userName":"johndoe"
},
"eventTime":"2017-05-16T22:00:58Z",
"eventSource":"athena.amazonaws.com",
"eventName":"CreateNamedQuery",
"awsRegion":"us-west-2",
"sourceIPAddress":"77.88.999.69",
"userAgent":"aws-cli/1.11.85 Python/2.7.10 Darwin/16.6.0 botocore/1.5.48",
"requestParameters":{
"name":"johndoetest",
"queryString":"***OMITTED***",
"database":"default",
"clientRequestToken":"fc1ad880-69ee-4df0-bb0f-1770d9a539b1"
},
"responseElements":{
"namedQueryId":"cdd0fe29-4787-4263-9188-a9c8db29f2d6"
},
"requestID":"2487dd96-3a83-11e7-8f67-c9de5ac76512",
"eventID":"15e3d3b5-6c3b-4c7c-bc0b-36a8dd95227b",
"eventType":"AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId":"123456789012"
},
```